上海市中学生饮食行为与睡眠时长的关联  

Association between dietary habits and sleep duration among middle school students in Shanghai

作　　者：殷小雅 翟娅妮 袁琳琳 严琼 周欣怡 罗春燕[1] 孙力菁 YIN Xiaoya;ZHAI Yani;YUAN Linlin;YAN Qiong;ZHOU Xinyi;LUO Chunyan;SUN Lijing(Institute of Child and Adolescent Health,Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control&Prevention,Shanghai(200336),China)

机构地区：[1]上海市疾病预防控制中心儿童青少年健康所,200336

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2024年第8期1140-1143,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：上海市加强公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划(2023—2025年)优秀学科带头人(GWVI-11.2-XD14)。

摘　　要：目的探究上海市中学生饮食行为与睡眠时长的关联,为针对中学生睡眠不足开展干预提供可参考的饮食建议。方法于2021年5—6月,采用分层整群随机抽样法抽取10~17岁中学生进行健康危险行为监测,获5538份有效数据,提取每天的睡眠时长、每周吃(喝)含糖饮料、鲜榨果汁、新鲜水果、新鲜蔬菜、油炸食物、牛奶和酸奶、早餐、在外就餐的次数等条目的调查结果,采用χ^(2)检验、Wilcoxon秩和检验和多因素Logistic回归模型进行统计学分析。结果上海市中学生睡眠不足的学生报告率为73.7%。中学生平均每天吃新鲜水果、早餐的次数和睡眠时长之间均呈正相关,即平均每天吃新鲜水果的次数越多(OR=1.29),吃早餐的次数越多(OR=1.07),睡眠充足的可能性越高;平均每天吃甜点(OR=0.78)和油炸食物(OR=0.88)的次数和睡眠时长之间均呈负相关(P值均<0.05)。结论多吃新鲜水果、规律吃早餐和少吃油炸食物有助于中学生获得充足的睡眠。对中学生的睡眠开展干预时,可以考虑将健康合理的膳食摄入作为干预手段之一。Objective To explore the association between dietary behaviors and sleep duration among middle school students in Shanghai,so as to provide reference for interventions targeting insufficient sleep.Methods From May to June 2021,a stratified cluster random sampling method was employed to select a sample of 10-17yearold middle school students for monitoring their healthrisk behaviors.A total of 5538 valid questionnaires were collected.The survey included items such as daily sleep duration,weekly consumption of sugary beverages,freshly squeezed fruit juice,fresh fruits,fresh vegetables,fried foods,milk and yogurt,breakfast habits,and frequency of eating outside.Statistical analysis was conducted using Chisquare test,Wilcoxon ranksum test,and multivariable Logistic regression model.Results About 73.7%of middle school students reported insufficient sleep in Shanghai.There was a positive correlation between the average daily consumption of fresh fruits and breakfast consumption with sleep duration.In other words,a higher frequency of consuming fresh fruits(OR=1.29)and eating breakfast(OR=1.07)were associated with a higher likelihood of sufficient sleep.Conversely,there was a negative correlation between the frequency of consuming desserts(OR=0.78)and fried foods(OR=0.88)and sleep duration(P<0.05).Conclusions Increasing the consumption of fresh fruits and maintaining regular breakfast habits while reducing the intake of fried foods can contribute to achieving sufficient sleep among middle school students.When implementing interventions to improve sleep among middle school students,promoting healthy and balanced diets can be considered as one of the intervention strategies.

关 键 词：饮食习惯 睡眠 回归分析 学生 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R155.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] Q428[生物学—神经生物学]