大学生体育锻炼行为与家庭教养方式和心理韧性的相关性  

Correlation between physical exercise and parenting styles,and psychological resilience of college students

作　　者：赵仁达 于吉浩 郭家瑞 王相英[1] ZHAO Renda;YU Jihao;GUO Jiarui;WANG Xiangying(School of Physical Education,Shandong Normal University,Jinan(250399),Shandong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学体育学院,济南250399

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2024年第8期1152-1156,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：2020年度国家社会科学基金项目(20BTY087)。

摘　　要：目的探究大学生体育锻炼行为与家庭教养方式和心理韧性的关联,为改善大学生体育锻炼现状提供指导。方法于2022年9月10日—2023年1月6日,采用分层随机抽样与方便抽样相结合的方法抽取济南市3所综合性大学1227名大学生开展调查。通过体育活动等级量表、中文版简式父母教养方式量表(s-EMBU-C)、心理韧性量表评估大学生体育锻炼行为、家庭教养方式、心理韧性,采用Pearson相关分析法、二元Logistic回归及线性回归分析家庭教养方式和心理韧性对体育锻炼行为的影响。结果被调查大学生体育锻炼量为小运动量815名(66.42%)、中等运动量308名(25.10%)、大运动量104名(8.48%),体育活动等级量表总分为(22.15±0.72)分。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,性别(OR=1.58,95%CI=1.07~2.33)、是否体育特长生(OR=1.61,95%CI=1.17~2.22)均为大学生体育锻炼运动量分级的相关因素(P值均<0.05)。线性回归分析显示,s-EMBU-C(母亲版、父亲版)情感温暖维度、s-EMBU-C(母亲版)总分、积极认知、情绪控制、青少年心理韧性量表总分均为大学生体育锻炼运动量得分的相关因素(β值分别为0.29,0.20,0.26,0.32,0.15,0.20,P值均<0.05)。结论大学生体育锻炼行为与性别、是否为体育特长生、家庭教养方式、心理韧性密切相关。高校可通过联合父母督促及心理辅导等途径,促成大学生体育锻炼行为改变。Objective To explore the relationship between physical exercise and parenting styles,and psychological resilience among college students,in order to provide guidance for improving college students'physical exercise status.Methods From September 10,2022 to January 6,2023,1227 students from three comprehensive universities in Jinan were selected for investigation using a stratified random sampling and convenient sampling method.Physical exercise was assessed using the Physical Activity Rating Scale,parenting style was evaluated with the short-Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran for Chinese(s-EMBU-C),and psychological resilience was measured by the Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents(RSCA).The influence of parenting style and psychological resilience on physical exercise was explored by Pearson correlation analysis,linear and Logistic regression analysis.Results A total of 815(66.42%)engaged in lowintensity exercise,308(25.10%)in moderateintensity exercise,and 104(8.48%)in highintensity exercise.The total score on the Physical Activity Rating Scale was(22.15±0.72).Logistic regression analysis showed that gender(OR=1.58,95%CI=1.07-2.33)and whether the student was a sports specialist(OR=1.61,95%CI=1.17-2.22)were the related factors for college students'physical exercise classification(P<0.05).Linear regression analysis showed that emotional warmth dimensions of the s-EMBU-C(mother version and father version),the total score of s-EMBU-C(mother version),positive cognition,emotional control and the total score of RSCA all affected the physical activity level of college students(β=0.29,0.20,0.26,0.32,0.15,0.20,P<0.05).Conclusions College students'physical exercise behavior is closely related to gender,sports specialization,parenting styles,and psychological resilience.Colleges and universities can promote changes in physical exercise behavior among college students through joint parental supervision and psychological counseling.

关 键 词：身体锻炼 教育 精神卫生 回归分析 学生 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] G806[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] G78[文化科学—运动人体科学] B844.2[文化科学—体育学]