北京市不吸烟初中生2013—2021年二手烟暴露及相关因素分析  

Second-hand smoke exposure and related factors of non-smoking junior middle school students in Beijing from 2013 to 2021

作　　者：石建辉[1] 徐露婷 孟耀涵 韩梅[1] 刘秀荣[1] SHI Jianhui;XU Luting;MENG Yaohan;HAN Mei;LIU Xiurong(Health Education Institute of Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing(100020),China)

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心健康教育所,100020

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2024年第7期978-982,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的分析北京市不吸烟初中生二手烟暴露情况及相关因素,为制定烟草控制措施提供数据支持。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,确定北京市初中在校生为调查对象,2013年9—10月、2019年8—11月和2021年9—12月3次青少年烟草流行监测分别获得4494,4915和3792份不吸烟初中生的有效数据,使用全国青少年烟草流行监测调查问卷进行信息采集。采用SPSS 21.0软件的复杂抽样数据分析模块进行描述性分析和多因素Logistic回归分析。结果2013,2019和2021年北京市不吸烟初中生在过去7 d内的4类场所(家、室内公共场所、室外公共场所、公共交通工具)二手烟暴露率分别为76.4%,71.4%,65.7%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=126.10,P<0.01)。3次监测在学校看见有人吸烟的比例分别为34.7%,27.9%和21.1%(χ^(2)=209.78);每天看见教师吸烟的比例分别为2.7%,1.8%和1.3%(χ^(2)=22.14)(P值均<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,父母均吸烟(OR=8.47,95%CI=4.36~16.48)、父亲吸烟(OR=3.51,95%CI=2.75~4.49)、好友吸烟(OR=1.88,95%CI=1.39~2.55)均是2013年不吸烟初中生4类场所二手烟暴露的相关因素;父母均吸烟(OR=2.37,95%CI=1.33~4.22)、父亲吸烟(OR=2.80,95%CI=2.33~3.37)、好友吸烟(OR=2.24,95%CI=1.71~2.92)、课堂上教授烟草危害(OR=0.77,95%CI=0.64~0.93)是2019年不吸烟初中生4类场所二手烟暴露的相关因素;父母均吸烟(OR=3.93,95%CI=2.29~6.75)、父亲吸烟(OR=3.30,95%CI=2.72~3.99)、课堂上教授烟草危害(OR=0.81,95%CI=0.68~0.97)是2021年不吸烟初中生4类场所二手烟暴露的相关因素(P值均<0.05)。结论北京市不吸烟中学生二手烟暴露情况有所改善,但仍处于较高水平。应采取相应措施,切实保护不吸烟初中生免受二手烟危害。Objective To analyze the second-hand smoke exposure and related factors of non-smoking junior middle school students in Beijing,so as to provide a data support for formulating tobacco control measures.Methods The multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used to select junior middle school students in Beijing.The valid data of 4494,4915 and 3792 nonsmoking middle school students were obtained from three waves of youth tobacco epidemic surveillance in 2013(September to October),2019(August to November)and 2021(September to December)wave,respectively.The information was collected by the national youth tobacco epidemic surveillance questionnaire.The complex sampling data analysis module of SPSS 21.0 was used to descriptive analysis and multivariate Logistic regression.Results The proportions of second-hand smoke exposure of non-smoking junior middle school students in the four types of places in the past 7 days in 2013,2019 and 2021 in Beijing were 76.4%,71.4%and 65.7%,respectively,with statistically significant differences(χ^(2)=126.10,P<0.01).The proportions of that found someone smoking in the campus in the three waves of survey were 34.7%,27.9%and 21.1%(χ^(2)=209.78),the proportion of that found teachers smoking daily were 2.7%,1.8%and 1.3%(χ^(2)=22.14)(P<0.01),respectively.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed both parents smoking(OR=8.47,95%CI=4.36-16.48),father smoking(OR=3.51,95%CI=2.75-4.49),and friends smoking(OR=1.88,95%CI=1.39-2.55)were the influencing factors of second-hand smoke exposure in four types of places of non-smoking junior middle school students in 2013.Both parents smoking(OR=2.37,95%CI=1.33-4.22),father smoking(OR=2.80,95%CI=2.33-3.37),friends smoking(OR=2.24,95%CI=1.71-2.92),and teaching the tobacco hazards in class(OR=0.77,95%CI=0.64-0.93)were the influencing factors of second-hand smoke exposure in four types of places for non-smoking middle school students in 2019.Both parents smoking(OR=3.93,95%CI=2.29-6.75),fathers smoking(OR=3.30,95%CI=2.72-3.99),and teaching the t

关 键 词：吸烟 烟草烟污染 回归分析 学生 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] C913.5[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] F768.29[经济管理]