真空蒸馏分离Pb-La合金  

Vacuum Distillation for Separation of Pb-La Alloy

作　　者：张师凡 杨鹏举 赵雷[4] 郑文涛[1] 何杰[2,3] Zhang Shifan;Yang Pengju;Zhao Lei;Zheng Wentao;He Jie(Collge of Materials Science and Engineering,Shenyang University of Technology,Shenyang 110870,China;ShiChangxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials,Institute of Metal Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,University of Science and Technology of China,Shenyang 110016,China;College of Mechanical Engineering,Liaoning Petrochemical University,Fushun113001,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳工业大学材料科学与工程学院,辽宁沈阳110870 [2]中国科学院金属研究所师昌绪先进材料创新中心,辽宁沈阳110016 [3]中国科学技术大学材料科学与工程学院,辽宁沈阳110016 [4]辽宁石油化工大学机械工程学院,辽宁抚顺113001

出　　处：《中国稀土学报》2024年第4期771-780,I0005,共11页Journal of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52174380,51974288和51875365);中国载人航天工程空间应用系统项目(KJZ-YY-NCL06);中国科学院科研仪器设备研制项目(YJKYYQ20210012);广西科技计划项目(AA23023032);云南省科技计划项目(202301BC070001-021)资助。

摘　　要：对真空蒸馏分离Pb-La合金的可行性开展了热力学分析,基于Miedema模型和气液平衡理论,计算了Pb-La合金的气液平衡相图;开展了真空蒸馏分离Pb-La合金的实验研究,理论分析与实验相结合,揭示了蒸馏温度、蒸馏时间、炉内压强等因素对Pb-La合金真空蒸馏分离效果的影响规律,并优化了工艺参数。结果表明,真空蒸馏是Pb-La合金分离的有效方法,升高蒸馏温度、延长蒸馏时间和减小炉内压强有助Pb-La合金的分离。当蒸馏温度为1623 K,蒸馏时间为150 min,炉内压强为0.1~5 Pa时,Pb-25%La合金一次蒸馏后,Pb的去除率约为99.98%,蒸馏剩余物中La含量可达到99%以上;真空蒸馏分离Pb-La合金,具有工艺流程短、简洁高效、绿色无污染等特点。The feasibility of vacuum distillation separation of Pb-La alloy was analyzed thermodynamically,and the gas-liquid equilibrium phase diagram of Pb-La alloy was calculated based on the Miedema model and gas-liquid equilibrium theory;the experimental study of vacuum distillation separation of Pb-La alloy was carried out,and theoretical analysis and experiments were combined to reveal the influence of distillation temperature,distillation time,furnace pressure and other factors on the vacuum distillation of Pb-La alloy.The results show that vacuum distillation is an effective method for the separation of Pb-La alloy,and that increasing the distillation temperature,extending the distillation time and decreasing the furnace pressure can help the separation of PbLa alloy.When the distillation temperature is 1623 K,the distillation time is 150 min,and the pressure inside the furnace is 0.1~5 Pa,the removal rate of Pb can reach 99.98%and the purity of La can be enriched to more than 99%after one distillation of Pb-La alloy with the La content of about 25%.Vacuum distillation separation of Pb-La alloy is characterized by short process,simple and efficient,green and pollution-free.

关 键 词：稀土回收 合金分离 真空蒸馏 Pb-La合金 

分 类 号：TF131[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]