2014—2023年博州温泉县鼠疫监测分析  

Analysis of plague surveillance in Wenquan county of Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture from 2014 and 2023

作　　者：甫拉提·伊明江 古丽阿依·包开西[2,3] 夏木西丁 阿布都吉力力·托合提 黄凯 郝蕴伟 穆合亚提·阿依提哈孜 帕尔哈提·居马西 王希江 Fulati YIMINGJIANG;Guliayi BAOKAIXI;Xiamuxiding;Abudujilili TUOHETI;HUANG Kai;HAO Yun-wei;Muheyati AYITIHAZI;Paerhati JUMAXI;Wang Xi-jiang(Department of Plague Prevention and Treatment,The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Wenquan County,Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture,Bortala,Xinjiang,833400,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]新疆博尔塔拉蒙古自治州温泉县疾病预防控制中心鼠疫防治科,新疆博州833400 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心应急处置与鼠疫防治所,乌鲁木齐830002 [3]新疆病媒传染病重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《疾病预防控制通报》2024年第4期62-65,共4页Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)

基　　金：国家自然基金地区项目(32160136);新疆现场流行病学培训项目。

摘　　要：目的分析2014—2023年博州温泉县鼠疫监测数据,为后续制定鼠疫防控策略提供科学依据。方法收集2014—2023年鼠疫监测数据,使用EXCEL 2010整理数据,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果2014—2023年温泉县无人间鼠疫疫情报告。2014—2023年温泉县路线法和定点法灰旱獭平均密度分别为0.62只/hm^(2)和1.81只/hm^(2);灰旱獭平均染蚤率为88.89%,蚤指数为1.75,长尾黄鼠平均染蚤率为98.78%,蚤指数为3.85;宿主动物的血清学和病原学结果均为阴性;宿主动物体表寄生物病原学结果均为阴性;自毙动物材料280份中分离出鼠疫菌35株,其中灰旱獭26株、赤狐1株,寄生物8株(谢氏山蚤3株、斧形盖蚤1株、草原硬蜱3株、古北拟额虱1株)。结论温泉县动物鼠疫流行猛烈,为防止疫区牧民、施工人员、游客感染鼠疫,应加大动物间鼠疫疫情监测力度,扩大鼠疫监测范围,提升处置鼠疫疫情能力,同时加强高危人群的健康宣传教育,严防人间鼠疫发生。Objective To analyze the surveillance data of plague epidemic in Wenquan county of Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture(Bortala Prefecture for short)from 2014 to 2023,and provide scientific basis for the subsequent development of plague prevention and control strategies.Methods The surveillance data of plague from 2014 and to 2023 were collected and collated with EXCEL 2010,and statistically analyzed with the descriptive epidemiological methods..Results There was no human plague epidemic reported in Wenquan county from 2014 to 2023.The average density of marmota baibacina of route method and fixed point method was 0.62/hm^(2)and 1.81/hm^(2),respectively,in Wenquan county during 2014 to 2023.The average flea infection rate of marmota baibacina was 89.89%,with the flea index of 1.75.The average flea infection rate of spermophilus undulatus was 98.78%,with the flea index of 3.85.The serological and pathogenic test results were negative in the autonomously-captured host animals.The pathogenic results were negative in the parasite from the body surface of the captured host animals.There were 35 strains of Yersinia pestis isolated from 280 materials from reported self-dead animals.Among which,there were 26 strains isolated from marmota baibacinas and 1 strain isolated from vulpes,and 8 strains isolated from parasites(3 strains from oropsylla silantiewi,1 strain from callopsylla dolabris,3 strains from ixodex crenulatus and 1 strain from linognathoides laeviusculus).Conclusions The animal plague is prevalent in Wenquan County.In order to prevent herdsmen,construction workers,tourists in the epidemic foci from being infected with plague,it is necessary to further strengthen the monitoring of plague epidemics among animals,expand the scope of plague monitoring,enhance the ability to effectively deal with the plague epidemics,and strengthen the health publicity and education in the high-risk groups at the same time to strictly prevent the occurrence of human plague.

关 键 词：鼠疫 监测 媒介蚤 阳性率 鼠疫菌 

分 类 号：R516.8[医药卫生—内科学]