EMS诱变对大麦种子萌发及M_(1)代植株成熟期主要性状的影响  

Effects of EMS Mutagenesis on the Germination of Barley Seeds and the Main Traits at Maturity of M_(1)Generation

作　　者：宋凌宇 何余 李金平 刘豪 张松 孟玲 宋瑞娇 齐军仓[1] SONG Lingyu;HE Yu;LI Jinping;LIU Hao;ZHANG Song;MENG Ling;SONG Ruijiao;QI Juncang(Agricultural College of Shihezi University/The Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture,Xinjiang Production and Construction Group,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832003,China;College of Science,Shihezi University,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832003,China;Animal Husbandry Science Research Institute,Institute of Agricultural Sciences of the Ninth Division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Emin,Xinjiang 834600,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院/新疆生产建设兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室,新疆石河子832003 [2]石河子大学理学院,新疆石河子832003 [3]新疆生产建设兵团第九师农业科学研究所畜牧科学研究所,新疆额敏834600

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2024年第9期1096-1103,共8页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-05-19B)。

摘　　要：为探究甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)对大麦种子萌发及M_(1)代植株成熟期主要表型性状突变的影响,以啤酒大麦品种新啤6号为材料,分别用0.00%、0.05%、0.10%、0.15%和0.20%的EMS浸种10 h,分析各浓度EMS处理对种子发芽势、发芽率、致死率、畸变率、幼苗叶绿素含量、根系活力和形态指标的影响,记录0.10%EMS诱变后M_(1)代成熟期植株主要性状的突变类型和突变频率。结果表明,EMS明显抑制种子萌发和幼苗生长,并产生了大量的性状突变。与对照相比,0.10%EMS浸种显著降低了种子发芽势、发芽率、幼苗叶绿素含量和根系活力,致死率和畸变率显著提高;0.15%和0.20%EMS浸种显著降低了幼苗根和芽的长度、鲜重和干重,胚芽鞘干重显著提高。田间统计发现,0.10%EMS处理的M_(1)代植株主要突变性状集中在茎秆、叶片、穗形和育性等方面,产生了红秆、矮秆、红叶、芒卷、穗畸形、结实率低和分蘖少等性状,突变频率分别20.17%、4.87%、1.08%、16.67%、0.94%、14.00%和6.02%。因此,通过EMS诱变构建大麦突变体库和创制种质资源。In order to explore the effects of ethyl Methanesulfonate(EMS)on germination and major phenotypic trait mutations in M_(1)generation plants of barley,seeds of variety Xinpi 6 were soaked in EMS solutions with concentrations of 0.00%,0.05%,0.10%,0.15%,and 0.20%for 10 h.The impact of each EMS concentration on seed germination potential,germination rate,mortality rate,aberration rate,chlorophyll content,root vitality,and morphological indices of seedling were analyzed.The mutation types and frequencies of major traits in M1 generation plants after treatment with optimum EMS were recorded.The results showed that EMS significantly inhibited seed germination and growth,leading to a large number of trait mutations.Soaking in 0.10%EMS solution significantly decreased seed germination potential,germination rate,chlorophyll content,and root vitality,while increased mortality rate and aberration rate.Different concentrations of EMS had varying degrees of inhibition on root length,shoot length,fresh and dry weight of roots and shoots.However,the dry weight of coleoptile under 0.15%and 0.20%EMS treatments was significantly higher than that under other treatments.Field statistics revealed that the major trait mutations in M_(1)generation plants mainly exhibited in stem,leaf,panicle shape,and fertility.These mutations resulted in a diverse range of traits,including red stalk,dwarf,red leaves,curly awn,spike malformation,low seed-setting rate,and low tillering.The mutation frequencies for these traits were 20.17%,4.87%,1.08%,16.67%,0.94%,14.00%,and 6.02%,respectively.There froe,EMS mutagenesis may be used to establish a mutant library and creat germplasm resources of barley.

关 键 词：EMS诱变 大麦(Hordeum vulgare L.) 萌发 成熟期性状 

分 类 号：S512.3[农业科学—作物学] S330