模拟跑道侵入场景下的注视行为研究  

Study on Flight Fixation Behavior in Simulated Runway Incursion Scenario

作　　者：汪磊 张朝阳 张之洋 谭维 WANG Lei;ZHANG Zhao-yang;ZHANG Zhi-Yang;TAN Wei(College of Safety Science and Engineering,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China;College of Air Traffic Management,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学安全科学与工程学院,天津300300 [2]中国民航大学空中交通与管理学院,天津300300

出　　处：《人类工效学》2024年第3期1-6,共6页Chinese Journal of Ergonomics

摘　　要：目的为研究跑道侵入场景下的注视特征以及注意分配能力对飞行注视行为的影响。方法招募54名被试,应用飞行员心理运动能力测评系统测评其注意分配能力,开展被试在模拟跑道侵入场景下的组内试验,并采集被试的任务绩效指标以及在3个兴趣区(正前方区域、左侧区域、右侧区域)内的注视行为数据作为因变量,最后对数据进行分析。结果与正常滑行场景相比,被试在跑道侵入场景下视野正前方区域的注视百分比、注视点数百分比和平均注视时间更低;被试的注意分配能力与视野正前方区域内的平均注视时间及任务绩效显著相关。结论跑道侵入场景与个体的注视行为和绩效密切相关,增强对飞行员跑道侵入场景下注意分配的针对性训练能改善其注视行为。Objective In order to study the fixation behavior features and the influence of the attention distribution ability on fixation behavior in the operation scenarios of runway incursion.Methods A total of 54 subjects were recruited and the pilot psychomotor ability evaluation system was used to evaluate their attention distribution ability.An in-group test was carried out in a simulated runway invasion scenario,and task performance indicators and gaze behavior data in three areas of interest(front,left and right)were collected as dependent variables.Finally,the data were analyzed.Results Compared with the single runway scenario,the percentage of fixation duration,the percentage of fixation count and the average fixation duration in the front area of the field was lower than those in multi-runway scenario.The attention distribution ability of the subjects was significantly correlated with the average fixation duration in the front area of the field and task performance.Conclusion The individual's fixation behavior and performance are closely related to the runway invasion scenario,enhancing training of the pilot's attention distribution skills will have a positive impact on improving the fixation behavior.

关 键 词：航空交通工程 交通安全 飞行员 注视行为 注意分配能力 跑道侵入 飞行绩效 机场跑道 事故预防 

分 类 号：X949[环境科学与工程—安全科学]