不同秸秆还田方式对冬小麦田土壤含水量的影响  

Effects of Different Straw Returning Methods on Soil Water Content in Winter Wheat Field

作　　者：王怀苹 赵丽萍 郭宇 程玉红 夏海东 梅兹君 王国祥 Wang Huaiping;Zhao Liping;Guo Yu;Cheng Yuhong;Xia Haidong;Mei Zijun;Wang Guoxiang(Hebi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hebi 458030,Henan,China;Jiaozuo Shanyang District Agricultural Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Brigade,Jiaozuo 454150,Henan,China;Henan Yongyou Seed Industry Technology Co.,Ltd.,Hebi 458030,Henan,China;Hebi Qibin District Chunhui Crop Planting Cooperative,Hebi 458030,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]鹤壁市农业科学院,河南鹤壁458030 [2]焦作市山阳区农业综合行政执法大队,河南焦作454150 [3]河南永优种业科技有限公司,河南鹤壁458030 [4]鹤壁市淇滨区春晖农作物种植合作社,河南鹤壁458030

出　　处：《农业技术与装备》2024年第8期83-85,共3页Agricultural Technology & Equipment

基　　金：河南省农业良种攻关项目(2022010101);河南优势特色农业产业科技支撑行动计划(20230101003);2023年度鹤壁市重大科技专项《抗逆高产小麦新品种选育及应用》。

摘　　要：为进一步探索不同秸秆还田方式对冬小麦田土壤含水量的影响,结合生产实际设置了免耕覆盖(Ⅰ)、无秸秆翻耕(Ⅱ)、翻耕还田(Ⅲ)、旋耕还田(Ⅳ)等4个处理,进行试验。结果表明,不同秸秆还田方式对不同土层具有不同的影响。在冬小麦生育期的前期,各处理0~20 cm和20~40 cm的土壤含水量的高低顺序是Ⅱ>Ⅲ>Ⅳ>Ⅰ,即在这两层中处理I的土壤含水量都是最低的,但到了冬小麦生育期的后期处理Ⅰ的含水量却变成了最高的,尤其是在20~40 cm表现得尤为突出,比对照高出4.4个百分点,说明免耕覆盖具有显著的后期保水性;40~60 cm土层各处理间土壤含水量的高低顺序变化不太稳定;60~80 cm和80~100 cm土层,各处理土壤含水量变化趋势相似,但二者处理间的高低顺序略有变化,60~80 cm的土壤含水量的高低排列顺序是Ⅲ>Ⅱ>Ⅳ>Ⅰ,80~100 cm的土壤含水量的高低顺序是Ⅲ>Ⅳ>Ⅱ>Ⅰ,显示出处理Ⅲ在深层明显的保水优势。In order to further explore the effects of different straw returning methods on soil water content in winter wheat field,so as to guide agricultural production.Combined with the actual production,the effects of different straw returning methods on soil water content in winter wheat fields were tested.Four treatments were set up,including no-tillage mulching(Ⅰ),no-straw tillage(Ⅱ),tillage returning(Ⅲ),and rotary tillage returning(Ⅳ).In the early stage of winter wheat growth period,the order of soil water content in 0~20 cm of each treatment was Ⅲ>Ⅱ>Ⅳ>Ⅰ,and the order of 20~40 cm was Ⅱ>Ⅲ>Ⅳ>Ⅰ,that is,the soil water content of treatment Ⅰ in these two layers was the lowest,but in the later stage,the water content of treatment Ⅰ became the highest,especially in 20~40 cm,which was 4.4 percentage points higher than that of the control,indicating that no-tillage mulching had significant water retention in the later stage.The order of soil water content in 40~60 cm soil layer was not stable.In the 60~80 cm and 80~100 cm soil layers,the soil water content of each treatment had a similar change trend,but the order between the two treatments changed slightly.The order in the 60~80 cm was Ⅲ>Ⅱ>Ⅳ>Ⅰ,and the order in the 80~100 cm was Ⅲ>Ⅳ>Ⅱ>Ⅰ,which showed that the treatment Ⅲ had obvious water retention advantage in the deep layer.

关 键 词：冬小麦 秸秆还田 土壤水分 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学] S512.11[农业科学—农业基础科学]