退休再就业还是持续就业?——基于多状态生命表的城乡老年人工作余寿分析  

Re-employment after Retirement or Continue to Work Without Retirement?An Analysis of the Remaining Working Life of the Elders in the Urban and Rural Areas Based on Multi-state life Table

作　　者：袁陆仪 YUAN Lu-yi(School of Sociology and Anthropology,Sun Yat-sen University,Gzuanghzou 510275)

机构地区：[1]中山大学社会学与人类学学院,广东广州510275

出　　处：《南方人口》2024年第4期1-13,共13页South China Population

摘　　要：工作余寿是分析老年人就业供给状况的重要抓手。基于CHARLS 2011-2020五轮数据,构建1936-1966年出生队列的多状态工作生命表。分析发现:男性60岁时的余寿低于女性,工作余寿却高于女性;农村人口60岁时的余寿低于城镇人口,工作余寿却高于城镇人口。城镇和农村不在业人口工作余寿都非常低,说明退出就业市场后再次返回的情况相对较少,老年人就业的主要模式是“持续就业”而非“退休再就业”,持续就业主体是农村老年人。农业户籍人口60岁时的余寿和工作余寿均比非农业户籍人口更长;在所有退休金或养老保险类型之中,参加新型农村养老保险者60岁时的余寿和工作余寿最长。Remaining working life is an important perspective to estimate the labor supply of the elders.Based on the data from 5 round survey of CHARLS 2011-2020,we constructed a multi-state life table of the people born 1936-1966 and find that the men of 60 have a less remaining life but more remaining working life compared with the women of 60,meanwhile the elders of 60 in rural has less remaining life but more remaining working life compared with the elders in urban.The non-employment elders in both urban and rural areas have relatively lower remaining working life,which means that the elders who drop out the labor market are more likely to stay out of the labor market and the elders’employment mode is continued working without retirement instead of re-employment after retirement.The elders continue to work without retirement are mainly the elders in the rural area.Further analysis shows that the elders of 60 with rural residential registration boast of more remaining life and remaining working life than those with non-agricultural residents registration,and elders of 60 under the social program of new rural social endowment insurance boast of the most remaining life and remaining working life among all those under various social endowment insurance programs.

关 键 词：多状态生命表 工作余寿 城乡差异 

分 类 号：C92-05[社会学—人口学]