论著作权侵权惩罚性赔偿适用标准的统一——基于687件件裁裁判判文文书书的的实证分析  

On the Unification of the Applicable Standard of Punitive Damages for Copyright Infringement-An Empirical Analysis Based on 687 Judicial Documents

作　　者：徐小奔[1] 李隽姝 Xu Xiaoben;Li Junshu(Intellectual Property Research Center,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan 430073,China)

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学知识产权研究中心,武汉430073

出　　处：《科技与法律（中英文）》2024年第5期77-89,共13页Science Technology and Law（Chinese-English Version）

基　　金：2020年国家社会科学基金一般项目“新时代知识产权损害赔偿制度功能的拓展与规范研究”(20BFX134)。

摘　　要：我国《著作权法》在第三次修改时引入了惩罚性赔偿制度,但立法语言的模糊导致司法裁判标准混乱。基于对687件裁判文书实证分析可知:一方面,法定赔偿暗含的惩罚属性压缩了惩罚性赔偿的适用空间,也带来了能否将这一实践中具有绝对主导地位的损害赔偿计算标准作为惩罚性赔偿基准额的争议;另一方面,惩罚性赔偿构成要件语义模糊、规范指引缺乏,导致裁判标准无法统一。要促进我国著作权侵权惩罚性赔偿制度的司法完善,须以类型化、体系化的思维统一惩罚性赔偿适用标准。具体而言,须厘清并协调“故意”与“情节严重”等构成要件的功能;允许在特定条件下将法定赔偿作为惩罚性赔偿的基数;降低数额认定的高精度期待,避免损害赔偿“数学化”而忽略其法律价值;厘清法定赔偿与惩罚性赔偿的边界,在防止对侵权事实重复评价的基础上促进二者的协调适用。China's Copyright Law introduced punitive damage rule in third amendment,but the ambiguity of legisla⁃tive language led to the confusion on judicial standards.Based on the empirical analysis of 687 judging documents,it can be concluded that,the implied punitive attribute of statutory compensation has compressed the space for the appli⁃cation of punitive compensation,which also brought about the controversy of whether the standard of calculating dam⁃ages has an absolutely dominant position in the practice as the benchmark punitive compensation.However,the seman⁃tic ambiguity of the constituent elements of punitive compensation and the lack of normative guidelines have resulted in the lack of uniformity of the standard of adjudication.To promote the judicial improvement of the punitive damages rule on copyright infringement in China,it is necessary to unify the applicable standards of punitive damages with ty⁃pology and systematization.Above all,the application must clarify and coordinate the function of constituent elements such as"intentional"and"aggravating circumstances",deem statutory compensation as the base of punitive damage in specific conditions,reduce the amount of determination of the high-precision expectations to avoid the mathematical damage compensation and ignorance of legal value,define the boundary between statutory damages and punitive dam⁃ages to promote the coordinated application of these two for preventing the repeated evaluation on infringement facts.

关 键 词：惩罚性赔偿 著作权侵权 严重过错 适用标准 

分 类 号：D913[政治法律—民商法学]