多形态氮和硝化抑制剂协同供应对土壤氮素转化的影响  

Effects of combined applicaion of polymorphic nitrogen and nitrification inhibitors on soil nitrogen transformation

作　　者：张如梦 李冬佳 梁雄英 董汶卿 唐智萍 陈国庆 陈骏 喻海峰 王孝忠 刘蕊 张卫峰 ZHANG Ru-meng;LI Dong-jia;LIANG Xiong-ying;DONG Wen-qing;TANG Zhi-ping;CHEN Guo-qing;CHEN Jun;YU Hai-feng;WANG Xiao-zhong;LIU Rui;ZHANG Wei-feng(College of Resources and Environment,Southwest University,Chongqing 400716;Green Intelligent Compound Hefei Research Institute,Hefei Anhui 230001;Collge of Environment,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin Heilongiang 150090;School of Resourees and Environment,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193;Agricultural Green Development Research Center of Yangtze River Economic Belt,Southwest University,Chongqing 400716;National Green Agricultural Developrment Institute of China Agricultural University,Bejing 100193;CNSIG Anhui Hong Sifang Fertilizer Co.,Ltd.,Anhui Hefei 230001)

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400716 [2]绿色智能复合肥研究院,安徽合肥230001 [3]哈尔滨工业大学环境学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150090 [4]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193 [5]西南大学长江经济带农业绿色发展研究中心,重庆400716 [6]中国农业大学国家绿色农业发展研究院,北京100193 [7]中盐安徽红四方肥业股份有限公司,安徽合肥230001

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2024年第7期69-78,共10页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上资助项目(4227071423)。

摘　　要：氮养分增效对提高作物产量、品质具有重要意义,其中铵硝协同的养分形态调控策略是手段之一。为探究有机氮无机氮源配施、施用硝化抑制剂两种养分动态调控手段对土壤铵硝动态的影响,采用室内土壤培养试验,设置不同比例的硫硝酸铵和草酰胺配施处理5个,硫硝酸铵:草酰胺比例分别为100%:0%、0%:100%、25%:75%、50%:50%、75%:25%,每组处理另设置添加硝化抑制剂3,4-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐(DMPP)处理,用以探究不同氮源配施抑制剂DMPP处理对潮土(pH8.25)和水稻土(pH5.48)氮素转化的影响。结果表明,缓释氮肥草酰胺与硫硝酸铵配施显著影响土壤铵硝养分供应形式和速率。直至第10d培养结束,缓释氮肥草酰胺在土壤中的铵、硝态氮仍呈现一个较高水平。抑制剂DMPP的添加可提高所有处理的铵态氮含量,降低硝态氮含量,提高土壤铵硝比,降低土壤表观硝化率。综上所述,草酰胺与硫硝酸铵的不同比例以及配施抑制剂DMPP的方式可以实现对土壤中铵硝比例的改变,提高肥料利用率。Nitrogen nutrient efficiency has a great significance to improve crop yield and quality,and the nutrient morphology regulation strategy of ammonium and nitrogen synergy is one of the means.In order to explore the effects of organic nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen source application and nitrification inhibitor on soil ammonium nitrogen dynamics,indoor soil culture experiments were conducted,5 treatments with different proportions of ammonium thionitrate and oxamide were set up,and the ratios of ammonium thionitrate and oxamide was 100%:0%,0%:100%,25%:75%,50%:50%,75%:25%.In addition,nitrification inhibitor DMPP treatment was added to each group to explore the effect of different nitrogen sources of inhibitor DMPP treatment on nitrogen conversion in fluvo-aquic soil(pH 8.25)and paddy soil(pH 5.48).The results showed that the combined application of slow-release nitrogen oxalamide and ammonium nitrate significantly affected the form and rate of soil ammonium thionitrate nutrient supply.Until the end of the 10^(th) day of incubation,the ammonium and nitrate nitrogen in the soil of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer oxalamide still showed a high level.The addition of DMPP increased the ammonium nitrogen content of all treatments,reduced the nitrate nitrogen content,and improved the apparent nitrification rate and the ratio of ammonium to nitrate nitrogen of soil.In summary,the different proportions of oxamide to ammonium thionitrate and the way of DMPP could realize the change of the ratio of ammonium to nitrate nitrogen in soil,and improve fertilizer utilization rate.

关 键 词：硝化抑制剂 草酰胺 硫硝酸铵 氮形态 铵硝比 

分 类 号：S143.1[农业科学—肥料学]