氮磷钾不同配比施肥对树番茄幼苗生长及叶片养分含量的影响  

Effects of different ratios of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilization on the growth and leaf nutrient content of Cypomandra Betacea seedlings

作　　者：郑绍傑 金友帆 董琼 赵启泽 韦兴兰 王元友 石顺柔 ZHENG Shao-je;JIN You-fan;DONG Qiong;ZHAO Qi-ze;WEI Xing-lan;WANG Yuan-you;SHI Shun-rou(School of Forestry,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming Yunnan 650224;Key Laboratory of Southwest Mountain Forest Resource Conservation and Utilization,Ministry of Education,Kunming Yunnan 650224;Fujian Forestry Vocational and Technical College,Nanping Fujian 353000)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学林学院,云南昆明650224 [2]西南山地森林资源保育与利用教育部重点实验室,云南昆明650224 [3]福建林业职业技术学院,福建南平353000

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2024年第7期108-122,共15页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：科技部国家重点研发子课题(2017YFD0601202);云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2021J0166)。

摘　　要：为探明氮、磷、钾不同配比施肥对树番茄(Cyphomandrabetacea)幼苗生长及叶片养分含量的影响。以1年生树番茄幼苗为对象,采用氮磷钾3因素3水平的正交试验设计L_(9)(3^(4)),不施肥为对照组(CK),测定分析氮、磷、钾不同配比施肥对树番茄幼苗生长及叶片养分含量的影响。结果表明,氮、磷、钾不同配比施肥下显著提高树番茄幼苗根、茎、叶生物量积累,且各器官生物量分配表现为根>叶>茎。树番茄幼苗叶片养分积累为氮>钾>磷,叶片氮和钾在A_(3)B_(2)C_(1)和A_(2)B_(2)C_(3)处理最佳,即添加6g/株氮和6g/株钾,CK组氮磷比<14,植物生长受氮限制。光合色素、可溶性糖及淀粉含量在A_(1)B_(3)C_(3)处理最优,可溶性蛋白和超氧化物歧化酶活性在A_(2)B_(2)C_(3)处理最佳,过氧化物酶活性在A_(2)B_(3)C_(1)处理最好,丙二醛含量在A_(2)B_(1)C_(2)处理最低,保护树番茄幼苗受害效果最佳。相关性分析得出不同施肥处理下树番茄幼苗生物量、叶片性状、光合色素、氮磷钾含量、非结构性碳水化合物含量及保护酶、丙二醛存在一定极显著正相关关系(P<0.01);主成分分析得出,各指标累计贡献率达79.69%,模糊隶属函数综合评价表明A_(1)B_(3)C_(3)处理对树番茄幼苗生长效果最佳。综合试验结果中树番茄幼苗生长指标、叶片养分含量、光合色素、保护酶及丙二醛的情况,配比施肥最佳处理为A_(1)B_(3)C_(3即施加尿素2.0g/株+过磷酸钙6.0g/株+硫酸钾6.0g/株。To investigate the effects of different ratios of nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),and potassium(K)fertilizationon the growth and leaf nutrient content of Cypomandra betacea seedlings,taking 1-year-old Cypomandra betacea seedlings as the object,an orthogonal experimental design L_(9)(3^(4)) of three factors and three levels of nitrogen was adopted,and no fertilization was used as the control group(CK).The effects of different ratios of N,P and K fertilization on the growth and leaf nutrient content of Cypomandra betacea seedlings were determined and analyzed.The results showed that under diferent fertilization ratios of N,P and K,the accumulation of biomass in the roots,stems and leaves of Cypomandra betacea seedlings was significantly increased,and the distribution of biomass in each organ showed as root>leaf>stem.The nutrient accumulation in the leaves of Cypomandra betacea seedlings was N>K>P,and the optimal treatments for leaf N and K were A_(3)B_(2)C_(1) and A_(2)B_(2)C_(3) treatments,in which 6 g/plant nitrogen and 6 g/plant potassium were added,respectively.The plants of CK group were limited by N because of nitrogen phosphorus ratio<14.The content of photosynthetic pigments,soluble sugars and starch were the best in A_(1)B_(3)C_(3) treatment,the activity of soluble proteins and SOD was the best in A_(2)B_(3)C_(1) treatment,the activity of POD was the best in A_(2)B_(1)C_(2) treatment,and the MDA content was the lowest in A,BC,treatment,which had the best protective effect on Cypomandra betacea seedlings from damage.Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation(P<0.01)between the biomass,leaf traits,photosynthetic pigments,nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,NSC,protective enzymes and MDA of tomato seedlings under dfferent fertilization treatments.According to principal component analysis,the cumulative contribution rate of each indicator reached 79.69%,and the comprehensive evaluation of fuzzy membership function showed that A_(1)B_(3)C_(3) treatment had the best effect on the growth of

关 键 词：树番茄 配比施肥 叶片养分 生长 

分 类 号：S686[农业科学—观赏园艺]