尿素配施DMPP阻控三七镉积累的效应研究  

Study on the effect of urea combined with DMPP in controlling cadmium accumulation in Panax notoginseng

作　　者：李奇 品初次尔 施辉能 杨红磊 宋占华 范伟[1,3] LI Qi;PINCHU Ci-er;SHI Hui-neng;YANG Hong-li;SONG Zhan-hua;FAN Wei(Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming Yunnan 650201;College of Resources and Environment,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming Yunnan 650201;College of Landscape and Horticulture,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming Yunnan 650201)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学云南省药用植物生物学重点实验室,云南昆明650201 [2]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,云南昆明650201 [3]云南农业大学园林园艺学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2024年第7期161-168,共8页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31960634);云南省重大科技专项(202102AE090042-02,202102AA310048)。

摘　　要：通过外源添加镉(Cd,浓度为5mg·kg^(-1))进行盆栽试验,研究了尿素配施不同水平硝化抑制剂3,4-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐(DMPP)(施氮量的1%、3%、5%)对土壤Cd形态、三七生长及植株Cd富集转运的影响,以阐明其阻控三七Cd积累的机制。结果表明,单施尿素三七根际土壤pH下降0.70,而尿素配施DMPP根际土壤pH升高1.05~1.24,并且土壤中铵态氮含量随DMPP施用量的增加而增加;单施尿素增加了土壤可交换态Cd含量及占比,导致土壤中Cd活性较高,而配施DMPP则促进土壤Cd由高活性的可交换态向低活性的残渣态转变;不施尿素处理下三七茎、叶及整株Cd含量均为最高,而单施尿素三七根部Cd含量最高,表明施氮降低了Cd从三七根部向地上部的转运;尿素配施DMPP增加了三七的叶长、叶宽、株高和生物量,并且大幅度降低了三七根、茎、叶Cd含量。综合分析发现,尿素配施1%的DMPP效果最优。因此,尿素配施DMPP可通过提高根际土壤pH降低土壤Cd活性,阻控Cd在三七中的积累。In this paper,the effects of urea with different levels of nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate(DMPP)(1%,3%,and 5%of nitrogen applied)on soil cadmium(Cd)morphology,Panax notoginseng growth and plant Cd enrichment and translocation were studied by exogenously adding Cd(5 mg·kg^(-1))in a pot experiment,in order to clarify the mechanism of its inhibition and control of Cd accumulation in P.notoginseng.Single application of urea resulted in 0.70 decrease in soil pH,while urea combined with DMPP increased soil pH by 1.05 to 1.24,and the soil NH&-N content increased with the increase of the DMPP application.Single application of urea increased the content and proportion of soil exchangeable Cd,resulting in higher Cd activity in the soil,while the application of DMPP promoted the transformation of soil Cd from the highly active exchangeable state to the less active residue state.The Cd contents of stems,leaves and plants in P.notoginseng were the highest under CK treatment,while the Cd content in P.notoginseng roots was the highest under single application of urea,indicating that nitrogen application reduced the transport of Cd from roots to shoots.The application of urea combined with DMPP increased the leaf length,leaf width,plant height and biomass of P.notoginseng,and drastically reduced the Cd contents in roots,stems,and leaves.The comprehensive analysis revealed that urea combined with 1%DMPP had the best effect.Therefore,urea combined with DMPP could increase the pH of rhizosphere soil,reduce soil Cd activity,thus inhibiting the accumulation of Cd in P.notoginseng.

关 键 词：镉 三七 氮肥 硝化抑制剂 积累特征 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S567.236[农业科学—中草药栽培]