颗粒活性炭-纳滤对二级出水中条件致病菌和有机物的去除效能  

Removal Efficiency of Granular Activated Carbon-nanofiltration for the Removal of Conditioned Pathogenic Bacteria and Organic Matters in Secondary Effluent

作　　者：孙丽华[1] 张凯权 梅筱禹 李瑞瑛 张妍 SUN Li-hua;ZHANG Kai-quan;MEI Xiao-yu;LI Rui-ying;ZHANG Yan(Key Laboratory of Urban Rainwater System and Water Environment,Ministry of Education,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 100044,China;School of Environmental and Energy Engineering,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 100044,China;Beijing Water Planning Institute,Beijing 101117,China)

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学城市雨水系统与水环境教育部重点实验室,北京100044 [2]北京建筑大学环境与能源工程学院,北京100044 [3]北京市水务规划研究院,北京101117

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2024年第9期1-7,14,共8页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52070011);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52370004)。

摘　　要：再生水回用是解决水资源短缺的重要途经,被广泛应用于工业生产、城市绿化方面,但其中含有大量的条件致病菌,对环境及人体健康具有潜在威胁。研究拟对污水厂二级出水采用颗粒活性炭(Granular Activated Carbon,GAC)、生物活性炭(Biological Activated Carbon,BAC)两种过滤单元与纳滤(nanofiltration,NF)组合工艺,来达到水中三种条件致病菌(军团菌、铜绿假单胞菌和鸟分枝杆菌)、大肠杆菌和有机物的去除的目的,采用直接NF、GAC-NF和BAC-NF三种处理工艺对去除效果进行分析。结果表明:在GAC过滤的滤速为5 cm/h,NF的过滤压力为0.4 MPa条件下,直接NF及其组合工艺均可实现二级出水中条件致病菌的完全去除,相较于直接NF和GAC-NF,BAC-NF工艺对水中DOC、UV254、微生物代谢副产物类和腐殖酸类有机物的去除率最高,分别为85.2%、74.5%、76.2%和82.0%;水中条件致病菌与大肠杆菌、DOC之间均有显著相关性,可以通过强化水中大肠杆菌和有机物的去除,达到提高不同组合工艺对条件致病菌削减的目的;BAC表面生物膜细菌中的假单胞菌、气单胞菌、硝化螺旋菌和不动杆菌占比最高,上述细菌对条件致病菌的生长繁殖起抑制作用;生物膜真核微生物中的线虫和轮虫占比最高,这两种微生物能通过捕捉的方式实现对水中条件致病菌的削减。Reclaimed water reuse is an important way to solve the water shortage,which is widely used in industrial production and urban greening.However,it contains a large number of conditionally pathogenic bacteria,which pose a potential threat to the environment and hu-man health..The study proposes to use Granular Activated Carbon(GAC),Biological Activated Carbon(BAC)and Nanofiltration(NF)as a combination of filtration units for secondary effluent from wastewater plants to achieve the purpose of removing three types of conditionally pathogenic bacteria(Legionella,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and Pseudomonas aeruginosa),Escherichia coli and organic matter in water.The removal effect was analysed using three treatment processes,namely direct NF,GAC-NF and BAC-NF.The results showed that under the conditions of 5 cm/h filtration rate for GAC filtration and 0.4 MPa filtration pressure for NF,both direct NF and its combination process could achieve the complete removal of conditionally pathogenic bacteria from secondary effluent water;compared with direct NF and GAC-NF,BAC-NF process has the highest removal rate of DOC,UV254,microbial metabolic by-products and humic acid organic matter in wa-ter,which are 85.2%,74.5%,76.2%and 82.0%,respectively;there is a significant correlation between the conditionally pathogenic bacte-ria in membrane effluent of different combination processes with E.coli,DOC.By strengthening the removal of E.coli and organic matter in the water,we can achieve the purpose of improving the reduction of conditionally pathogenic bacteria by different combination processes;in the biofilm on the surface of BAC,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Aeromonas aeruginosa,Nitrospiraea and Fusobacterium sp.in the bacterial un-der the gate level accounted for the highest proportion,and the above bacteria played an inhibitory role in the growth and reproduction of con-ditionally pathogenic bacteria.The highest percentage of biofilm eukaryotic microorganisms were nematodes and rotifers,which were able to achieve the reduction of condition

关 键 词：条件致病菌 纳滤 颗粒活性炭 二级出水 有机物. 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]