济南泉域岩溶水水化学特征及其演化规律  

Hydrochemical Characteristics and Evolutionary Patterns of Karst Water in the Jinan Spring Area

作　　者：唐俊平 刘中业[2,3] 侯森戈 邢磊 邢立亭[4] 朱恒华[2,3] 黄林显[4] TANG Jun-ping;LIU Zhong-ye;HOU Sen-ge;XING Lei;XING Li-ting;ZHU Heng-hua;HUANG Lin-xian(Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266075,Shandong Province,China;Shandong Geological Survey Institute,Jinan 250013,Shandong Province,China;Innovation Base for Underground Space Detection and Development Utilization in Northern Karst Cities,Jinan 250013,Shandong Province,China;University of Jinan,Jinan 250024,Shandong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学,山东青岛266075 [2]山东省地质调查院,山东济南250013 [3]北方岩溶城市地下空间探测与开发利用创新基地,山东济南250013 [4]济南大学,山东济南250024

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2024年第9期29-37,44,共10页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42272288);省级地质勘查项目[黄河流域(山东段)生态地质环境综合研究,鲁勘字(2022)3号]。

摘　　要：天然条件下,济南泉域岩溶水水质优良,随着社会经济快速发展,岩溶水环境质量发生了显著变化。为研究泉域地下水化学特征演化规律,在收集多年泉域岩溶水主要离子化学特征的基础上,综合采用Piper三线图、Gibbs模型、离子比值、因子分析等方法识别泉域水化学演化特征及影响因素。结果表明:①泉域岩溶水中以HCO_(3)-和Ca^(2+)为主要阴阳离子,来源于碳酸盐岩风化,泉域岩溶水化学类型从间接补给区到排泄区总体由HCO_(3)·SO_(4)-Ca逐渐转变为HCO_(3)-Ca型;②泉域岩溶水化学演化过程主要受岩石风化作用、阳离子交换作用以及人类活动的共同影响,其中Na^(+)、Cl^(-)表现为多源性,主要来源于岩盐溶解和人类活动;③不同时间阶段内泉域水化学影响因素的强度不同,人类活动对泉域的影响逐年增强,混合作用是人类活动对泉水影响的体现,多因素的共同作用使得泉域水化学特征及演化规律愈加复杂。探究泉域水化学演化规律对保护岩溶水环境具有指导意义。Under natural conditions,the karst water in the Jinan Spring Area exhibits excellent water quality.However,with rapid socio-eco-nomic development,the environmental quality of karst water has changed significantly.To investigate the evolution pattern of the chemical characteristics of groundwater in the spring area,comprehensive methods including Piper trilinear diagrams,Gibbs models,ion ratios,and factor analysis were employed based on the collection of multi-year data on the major ion chemistry of karst water in the spring area.The re-sults indicated that:①The dominant anions and cations in the karst water in the spring area were HCO_(3)-and Ca^(2+),originating from the weathering of carbonate rocks.The overall chemical types of karst water in the spring area gradually changed from HCO_(3)·SO_(4)-Ca in the indi-rect recharge zone to HCO_(3)-Ca in the discharge zone.②The chemical evolution of karst water in the spring area was mainly influenced by rock weathering,cation exchange,and human activities.Na+and Cl-showed a multi-source nature,mainly derived from the dissolution of rock salt and human activities.③The intensity of the influencing factors on the chemical characteristics of karst water varied at different time stages.The impact of human activities on the spring area increased year by year,and the combined effects reflected the influence of human activities on spring water.The interaction of multiple factors made the chemical characteristics and evolution of water in the spring area more complex.Investigating the evolution of karst water chemistry in the spring area has guiding significance for the protection of karst water envi-ronments.

关 键 词：水化学特征 演化规律 影响因素 济南泉域 

分 类 号：TV213.9[水利工程—水文学及水资源] P641.3[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]