海绵设施结构参数的敏感度分析与优化——以成都某住宅区域为例  

Sensitivity Analysis and Optimization of Structural Parameters of Sponge City Facilities:A Case Study of a Residential Area in Chengdu

作　　者：刘洁 张翔[2,3] 郭舟[2,3] LIU Jie;ZHANG Xiang;GUO Zhou(School of Architecture and Civil Engineering,Chengdu University,Chengdu 610106,Sichuan Province,China;State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,Hubei Province,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Water System Science for Sponge City Construction,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,Hubei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]成都大学建筑与土木工程学院,四川成都610106 [2]武汉大学水资源工程与调度全国重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [3]武汉大学海绵城市建设水系统科学湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2024年第9期160-164,共5页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家青年自然科学基金(52009092)。

摘　　要：在城市化与气候变化影响下,城市洪涝与水污染等城市水问题愈发严重,海绵城市作为新一代的雨洪管理理念,通过“源头消减,过程控制和末端治理”的方法协同控制径流,提高城市的环境适应性。现有研究多集中于对单一设施的径流控制效果研究,而对多种设施的参数组合分析较少。为探讨多种海绵设施结构参数变化对径流控制效果的敏感性以及影响机理,研究选取成都市某典型住宅区为对象,开展了生物滞留池、绿色屋顶、透水铺装和植草沟等四种海绵设施结构参数的敏感性分析与优化,并在该区域构建了城市雨洪管理SWMM模型,结合参数优化结果以及SWMM模型,对不同降雨情景下的组合设施进行区域径流控制效果的模拟。结果表明:生物滞留池和绿色屋顶的种植层厚度和土壤孔隙度,透水铺装的蓄水层厚度与孔隙度,植草沟的曼宁系数和蓄水层深度是对径流敏感度最高的因子;降雨重现期越大,结构参数的影响越大,且绿色屋顶的种植土层厚度和孔隙度改变对径流系数影响最为显著;在优化结构参数后,布设海绵设施可以实现40.49%~65.67%的径流峰值削减率,以及10~20min的径流峰值延缓时间,其削减程度随着重现期的增大而减小。研究结果为海绵城市设施的结构和布局优化提供了理论依据和实践案例,有助于实现海绵城市建设的最优径流控制效果。Under the influence of urbanization and climate change,urban water problems such as urban flooding and water pollution have be-come more and more serious.Sponge city,as a new urban stormwater management concept,contributes to runoff control through the methods of“source reduction,process control and end treatment”to improve urban environmental adaptability.Most of the existing studies focus on the runoff control effect of a single facility,rather than the parameter combination analysis of multiple facilities.In order to explore the influ-ence mechanism of the structural parameters of sponge facilities on the effect of runoff control,this study selected a typical residential area in Chengdu as the example to construct a SWMM model of urban stormwater management,and carried out the sensitivity analysis and optimiza-tion of the structural parameters of four types of sponge facilities,including the bioretention cell,the green roof,the permeable pavement and the grass swales,and used the optimization results to simulate the combined facilities under different rainfall scenarios.The results showed that the thickness of the planting layer and soil porosity of the bioretention cell and the green roof,the thickness and porosity of the aquifer of permeable pavement,the Manning coefficient of the grass swale and the depth of the aquifer were the factors with the highest sensi-tivity to runoff.The greater the rainfall return period,the more significant the influence of structural parameters,moreover,the change of planting soil thickness and porosity of green roof has the most significant influence on runoff coefficient.After optimizing the structural param-eters,the sponge facility can achieve a runoff peak reduction rate of 40.49%~65.67%and a runoff peak delay time of 10~20 minutes.The research results provide a theoretical basis and practical cases for the optimization of the structure and layout of sponge city facilities,which is helpful to achieve the optimal runoff control effect of sponge city construction.

关 键 词：海绵城市 结构参数 敏感性分析 城市内涝 径流控制 

分 类 号：TV122[水利工程—水文学及水资源]