孔径与压铆力对单铆搭接接头残余应力与剪切性能的影响  

The effects of hole diameter and squeeze force on the residual stress and shear properties of single riveted lap joint

作　　者：严鸿凯 余立 潘泽民 梅标 杨永泰 YAN Hongkai;YU Li;PAN Zemin;MEI Biao;YANG Yongtai(School of Advanced Manufacturing,Fuzhou University,Jinjiang 362200,China;Quanzhou Institute of Equipment Manufacturing,Haixi Institutes,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Jinjiang 362200,China;Shaanxi Aircraft Industry Corporation Ltd.,Hanzhong 723213,China;NingboTech University,Ningbo 315103,China;University of Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]福州大学先进制造学院,晋江362200 [2]中国科学院海西研究院泉州装备制造研究中心,晋江362200 [3]陕西飞机工业有限责任公司,汉中723213 [4]浙大宁波理工学院,宁波315103 [5]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《现代制造工程》2024年第9期12-19,共8页Modern Manufacturing Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51805478);福建省自然科学基金计划资助项目(2020J01131)。

摘　　要：铆接是飞机结构装配的重要连接方式,飞机结构失效大多发生在连接孔处,因此对铆接接头质量进行综合评估非常重要。以单铆搭接接头为研究对象,通过有限元仿真分析与拉伸剪切实验研究了不同压铆力与孔径铆接工艺参数组合下的铆接接头孔周残余应力分布和剪切性能。有限元分析结果表明,增大压铆力可以显著扩大孔周的纵向残余压应力分布区域,并使最大纵向残余拉应力位置远离孔边缘;而孔径仅对纵向残余压应力分布区域的影响较为显著。拉伸剪切实验表明,单铆搭接结构的失效形式均为铆钉沿剪切面的瞬时断裂;在孔径为4.20 mm时采用压铆力为21 kN成型的铆接接头的剪切性能最佳,其平均峰值载荷为4.09 kN,与孔径为4.04 mm和压铆力为15 kN参数组合下成型的铆接接头相比,平均峰值载荷提升了约9.36%。增大孔径能够提高单铆搭接接头的剪切性能,但会减小孔周的纵向残余压应力分布区域,给铆接接头的疲劳寿命带来不利影响;适当增大压铆力不仅能扩大残余压应力分布区域,还能提高接头的剪切性能。Riveting is an important connection method for aircraft structural assembly,and most structural failures occur at the connection holes.Therefore,it is very important to comprehensively evaluate the quality of riveted joints.Taking single riveted lap joints as the research object,and through finite element simulation analysis and tensile shear experiments,the residual stress distribution and shear properties around the holes of riveted joints were studed under different combinations of squeeze force and hole diameter riveting process parameters.The finite element analysis results show that increasing the squeeze force can significantly expand the longitudinal residual compressive stress distribution area around the hole,and make the maximum longitudinal residual tensile stress occur far from the edge of the hole,while the influence of the hole diameter on the longitudinal residual compressive stress distribution area was only significant;the tensile shear test shows that the failure mode of the single riveted lap joint structure was the instantaneous fracture of the rivet along the shear surface.The shear properties of the riveted joint formed with a 21 kN squeeze force at a hole diameter of 4.20 mm was the best,with an average peak load of 4.09 kN,which is about 9.36%higher than that of the riveted joint formed with a combination of hole diameter of 4.04 mm and 15 kN squeeze force parameters.Increasing the hole diameter can improve the shear properties of single riveted lap joints,but it will reduce the longitudinal residual compressive stress distribution area around the hole,which will have an adverse impact on the fatigue life of riveted joints.Increasing the squeeze force appropriately can not only expand the distribution area of residual compressive stress but also improve the shear properties of the joint.

关 键 词：单铆搭接接头 孔径 压铆力 残余应力 剪切性能 

分 类 号：TG938[金属学及工艺—钳工工艺]