不同光照条件下空心莲子草与伴生双穗雀稗养分吸收及光合特征的比较  

Comparison of nutrient absorption and photosynthetic characteristics between Alternanthera philoxeroides and companion species of Paspalum paspaloides under different light conditions

作　　者：曾鲸津 刘江 王桂兰 王相权 郭嘉[1] ZENG Jingjin;LIU Jiang;WANG Guilan;WANG Xiangquan;GUO Jia(Neijiang Vocational and Technical College,Neijiang,Sichuan 641000,China;Sichuan Piaolv Plant Protection Co.,Ltd,MeiShan,Sichuan 620000,China;NeiJiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Neijiang 641000,China)

机构地区：[1]内江职业技术学院现代农业学院,四川内江641000 [2]四川飘绿植物保护有限公司,四川眉山620000 [3]四川省内江市农业科学院,四川内江641000

出　　处：《生物灾害科学》2024年第3期380-387,共8页Biological Disaster Science

基　　金：四川省内江市东兴区农业外来入侵物种普查项目(NZ202210)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究不同光照条件下入侵植物空心莲子草与伴生种双穗雀稗在养分吸收及光合特征上的差异。【方法】设置100%全光照(L1)、80%全光照(L2)、60%全光照(L3)、40%全光照(L4)及20%全光照(L5)5个光照强度下对空心莲子草和双穗雀稗进行处理,探究不同光照强度下,二者生物量分配、氮磷吸收、叶绿素荧光及渗透调节物质含量的影响。【结果】随着光照强度的下降,空心莲子草和双穗雀稗的根生物量比(RMR)和根冠比(R/C)均不断降低,而两种植物的茎生物量比(SMR)则先增加后下降。以叶生物量比(LMR)来看,空心莲子草在L5处理下最大,而双穗雀稗在L1处理下最大。空心莲子草的氮、磷含量均在L2处理下达到最大值,而双穗雀稗的氮、磷含量在L1、L2处理下无显著差异,但空心莲子草体内氮、磷含量高于双穗雀稗。两种植物的叶绿素含量、PSII最大光化学量子效率(Fv/Fm)及PSII潜在活性(Fv/Fo)随光照强度的下降表现为先增加后下降的趋势,净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)也呈现为先增加后下降的变化趋势,而胞间CO_(2)浓度(Ci)持续增加,可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白以及脯氨酸含量则持续下降,在低光照强度(L4、L5)下空心莲子草的叶绿素荧光参数及渗透调节物质含量高于双穗雀稗。【结论】空心莲子草对低光照强度的适应能力强于双穗雀稗。应加强空心莲子草的入侵监控,以防加剧其对本土物种的竞争作用。[Objective]This study was conducted to explore the differences in nutrient absorption and photosynthetic characteristics between the invasive plant Alternanthera philoxeroides and its local companion species Paspalum paspaloides under different light conditions.[Method]A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of 5 light intensities,including 100%light intensity(L1),80%light intensity(L2),60%light intensity(L3),40%light intensity(L4),and 20%light intensity(L5),on biomass distribution,nitrogen and phosphorus absorption,chlorophyll fluorescence,and osmotic regulatory substance contents in hollow lotus grass and double spikelet barnyard grass.[Result]With the decrease of light intensity,the root biomass ratio(RMR)and root crown ratio(R/C)of A.philoxeroides and P.paspaloides both decreased continuously,while the stem biomass ratio(SMR)of the two plants first increased and then decreased.In terms of leaf biomass ratio(LMR),A.philoxeroides was the largest under L5 treatment,while P.paspaloides was the largest under L1 treatment.The nitrogen and phosphorus contents of A.philoxeroides reached their maximum values under L2 treatment,while the nitrogen and phosphorus contents of P.paspaloides showed no significant difference under L1 and L2 treatments.However,the nitrogen and phosphorus contents inside A.philoxeroides was higher than that of P.paspaloides.The chlorophyll content,maximum PSII photochemical quantum efficiency(Fv/Fm),and PSII potential activity(Fv/Fo)of the two plants showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the decrease of light intensity.The net photosynthetic rate(Pn),transpiration rate(Tr),and stomatal conductance(Gs)also showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.The intercellular CO_(2)concentration(Ci)continued to increase,while the soluble sugar,soluble protein,and proline content continued to decrease.Under low light intensity(L4,L5),the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and osmotic regulatory substance contents of A.philoxeroides were higher than that

关 键 词：光照 空心莲子草 双穗雀稗 光合 叶绿素 养分 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护] Q948[生物学—植物学]