TBS技术对广东省部分农区害鼠监测和防控效果研究  

A study on the effects of the TBS technology for monitoring and controlling rodents in agricultural regions in Guangdong Province

作　　者：林涛 黄立胜 钟宝玉 秦姣 叶华姬 李广仪 LIN Tao;HUANG Lisheng;ZHONG Baoyu;QIN Jiao;YE Huaji;LI Guangyi(Warning and Prevention Center of Agricultural Pest of Guangdong Province,Guangzhou 510500,China;Plant Protection Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510500,China;Crop Disease and Pest Prediction and Forecasting Station of Lianping County,Heyuan,Guangdong 517000,China;Taishan Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Jiangmen,Guangdong 529000,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业有害生物预警防控中心,广东广州510500 [2]广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所,广东广州510500 [3]连平县农作物病虫害预测预报站,广东河源517000 [4]台山市农业技术推广中心,广东江门529000

出　　处：《生物灾害科学》2024年第3期467-472,共6页Biological Disaster Science

摘　　要：【目的】为保障广东省水稻安全生产,减轻农区害鼠为害损失,总结农区鼠害TBS技术试验成效,形成可复制可推广的防控技术模式。【方法】对TBS技术在广东省农区害鼠监测和防控效果进行了研究,在江门市台山市和河源市连平县设置5005 m TBS围栏、502个捕鼠桶。【结果】共捕获害鼠478只,捕获鼠种包括小家鼠151只,黄毛鼠126只,板齿鼠109只,褐家鼠76只,黄胸鼠16只,其中,小家鼠、黄毛鼠、板齿鼠、褐家鼠为当地农田主要鼠种,分别占捕获总量的31.6%、26.4%、22.8%和15.9%,捕获鼠种构成分别与2023年当地使用鼠夹法进行的鼠情监测结果基本一致。通过对不同生境捕获鼠数量的比较,结果显示,水稻苗期香蕉树区域TBS围栏捕获鼠数量显著高于河道区域,黄熟期荷花池区域捕获鼠数量显著高于河道区域。在连平县和台山市试验区均未捕获到害鼠,台山市对照区害鼠捕获率为10.50%,连平县对照区害鼠捕获率为9.50%,TBS技术对害鼠有较好的控制作用。台山市试验区和对照区的调查丛数、有效穗数和受害穗率存在显著差异(P<0.05),TBS围栏防治效果95.41%;连平县试验区和对照区有效穗数和受害穗率存在显著差异(P<0.05),TBS技术防治效果85.35%。【结论】TBS技术的应用,减轻了害鼠危害,减少稻谷损失。TBS技术具有安全、环保、可持续利用等特点,具有良好的应用前景。[Objective]In order to ensure the safe production of rice and reduce the loss of rodent damage in agricultural areas,the results of TBS technology experiments on rodent damage in agricultural areas were summarized,and a reproducible and popularizing technology model was formed.[Method]A study was conducted on the monitoring and control effects of TBS technology on rodents in agricultural areas of Guangdong Province.A 5005-meters TBS fence and 502 rat catching buckets were set in Taishan of Jiangmen City,and Lianping of Heyuan City.[Result]478 rodents were captured,including 151 small house mice(Mus musculus),126 lesser rice-field rats(Rattus losea),109 large bandicoot rats(Bandicota indica),76 sewer rats(Rattus norvegicus),and 16 yellow breasted mice(Rattus tanezumi).Among them,Mus musculus,Rattus losea,Bandicota indica,and Rattus norvegicus were the main rodent species in local farmland,accounting for 31.6%,26.4%,22.8%,and 15.9%of the total catch,respectively.The composition of rodent species was basically consistent with the rodent monitoring results conducted by the night trap method in 2023.By comparing the number of rodents captured by TBS fences in different habitats,the results showed that the number of rodents captured in the banana tree area was significantly higher than that in the river area during the rice seedling stage,and the number of rodents captured in the lotus pond area was significantly higher than that in the river area during the rice ripening stage.The capture rate of rodents was 10.50%in the control area of Taishan City,while that of Lianping County was 9.50%,but none was captured in the experimental areas of Lianping County and Taishan City.So TBS technology had a good control effect on the rodent control.There were significant differences(P<0.05)in the survey cluster number,effective panicles,and affected panicle rate between the experimental and control areas in Taishan City,with the TBS technology control effect of 95.41%.There were significant differences(P<0.05)in the effective pani

关 键 词：TBS技术 农区害鼠 鼠密度 防控效果 

分 类 号：S443[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]