拜登政府对华经济安全政策及其国际效应  

Biden Administration's Economic Policy Toward China and Its International Effect

作　　者：王辉 WANG Hui

机构地区：[1]国际关系学院公共管理系

出　　处：《国家安全论坛》2024年第4期53-62,91,共11页National Security Forum

摘　　要：拜登政府将对华经济政策与美国国家安全战略相结合,形成以贸易保护、对华技术出口管制与投资限制、重组全球产业链联盟为主要内容的对华经济政策框架,其目标是弱化对华产业链依赖,重塑中国发展的外部环境,掣肘中国经济转型和产业升级。在这一政策中,对华战略竞争是政策的基础,政治和安全考虑是政策变化的重要动因,导致全球经济增长放缓、国际贸易秩序面临冲击、全球治理分裂等诸多负面效应是政策产生的后果。鉴于中国经济规模及其全球地位,拜登政府对华经济政策并未取得预期成效。但该政策有着深厚的理论基础和国内背景,标志着以市场效益为核心的贸易自由化时代的结束,并在一定程度上预示着美国对华政策的长期走向。The Biden administration has aligned its economic and trade policy toward China with the national security strategy of the United States,forming an economic policy framework toward China featuring trade protection,technology export control and investment restriction,and restructuring of the global industrial chain alliance.The goal of the Biden administration's economic policy toward China is to weaken its dependence on China's industrial chain,reshape the external environment for China's development,and constrain China's economic transformation and industrial upgrading.In terms of the policy,with a basis of strategic competition,political and security consideration are important drivers for its policy change,which has led to negative consequences such as a slowdown in global economic growth,the disruption of the international trade order,and a split in global governance.Given the size of China's economy and its position in the global economy,U.S.economic policy toward China has not worked as expected.However,with deep theoretical basis and domestic factors,the policy marks the end of an era of trade liberalization with market benefits at its core and to some extent foreshadows the long-term trend of U.S.policy toward China.

关 键 词：经济政策 产业链联盟 去中国化 安全效应 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系]