农业保险对农户农药过量施用的影响  

Impact of agricultural insurance on farmers’pesticide overuse

作　　者：张燕媛 蔡荣[2] ZHANG Yanyuan;CAI Rong(College of Economics and Management,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China;College of Food and Strategic Reserves,Nanjing University of Finance and Economics,Nanjing 210003,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学经济管理学院,南京210037 [2]南京财经大学粮食和物资学院,南京210003

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2024年第9期296-306,共11页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(72003090,72173060)。

摘　　要：为探究农业保险对农户农药过量施用的影响及其原因,基于2020年中国土地经济调查数据,采用改进的损害控制生产函数对水稻种植户农药施用边际生产率进行测算,在此基础上采用工具变量模型判断农业保险对农户农药过量施用程度的影响,并进一步从农药施用的风险特征及风险来源视角揭示影响背后的深层原因。结果表明:1)从经济学角度看,样本地区绝大多数农户在农药施用中存在过量行为;2)农业保险不仅未带来农药减量效应,反而在一定程度上加剧了农户农药过量施用;3)这一影响与样本地区农药施用主要呈现出的风险增强效应有关,原因在于作物生长期遭遇的气象风险要超过病虫害风险。政府应考虑将农业保险补贴额度与农业生产技术选择相对接,积极引导、鼓励农户采用农药减量生产技术。To investigate the impact of agricultural insurance on the overuse of pesticides and the reasons behind it,based on the 2020 China land economic survey data,this study measured the marginal productivity of pesticide application by rice farmers using an improved damage control production function.Then,an instrumental variable model was used to analyze the impact of agricultural insurance on farmers’pesticide overuse,and the deeper reasons behind the impact from the perspective of the pesticide risk characteristics and risk sources were revealed.The results showed that:Most of the farmers in the study area had excessive pesticide application behavior from an economic point of view.Participation in agricultural insurance did not reduce the use of pesticides but exacerbated pesticide overuse to a certain extent.This effect was related to the risk-increasing effect of pesticide application in the study area because the risk of pest infestation was exceeded by the meteorological hazards faced during the growing period of crops.This study suggested that the governments should connect the amount of agricultural insurance subsidy with the type of agricultural production technology chosen,and provide guidance to farmers to adopt pesticide-reducing production technologies.

关 键 词：农业保险 边际生产率 农药过量施用 损害控制生产函数 

分 类 号：F323.2[经济管理—产业经济] F842.6