论电子数据复制件的证据能力及其司法适用  

The admissibility of digital duplications and the judicial use

作　　者：叶翔宇 Ye Xiangyu(Law School of Sichuan University,Chengdu 610207,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学法学院,成都610207

出　　处：《证据科学》2024年第4期484-496,共13页Evidence Science

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“深化司法体制综合配套改革研究”(项目编号20AZD029)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：电子数据复制件是司法实践中常见的一种证据形式。虽然现有规范已对电子数据复制件的证据能力问题作出相关规定,但这些规定大多来源于传统的书证规则,而忽视了电子数据的可分离性、精确复制性等特征。因此,电子数据复制件证据能力的认定,应在明确电子数据复制件概念范围的基础之上,从基本原则、具备条件和确认情形等方面进一步探究。与此同时,电子数据复制件的司法适用还存在着对传统最佳证据规则的冲击、忽视电子数据复制件司法准入情形和忽视电子数据拟制原件规则等问题。未来,应重构数字时代最佳证据规则,确定以证据能力为核心的证据理念,明示电子数据拟制原件适用情形,以期推动电子数据复制件司法适用的规范化,实现数字正义。Digital duplications are a common form of evidence in judicial practice.Although there are legislations on the admissibility of digital duplications,most of these legislations are derived from the traditional rules of documentary evidence,and neglected the separability and precise reproducibility of electronic data.Therefore,the determination of the admissibility of digital duplications should be based on the clarification of the concept and scope of digital duplications,and along with further exploration into the basic principles,admissibility conditions,authentication conditions,etc.At the same time,the judicial use of digital duplications also encounters problems such as the confliction with the traditional best evidence rule,the neglect of digital duplications’judicial admissibility conditions,the neglect of the rules of electronic data’s admissibility through legal fiction,etc.In the coming digital era,the best evidence rule shall be reconstructed;the evidence theory shall be centered on the admissibility;and the conditions of the electronic data’s admissibility through legal fiction shall be made clear.By doing so,the standardization of the judicial use of digital duplications will be promoted,and digital justice will be finally achieved.

关 键 词：电子数据复制件 电子数据原件 证据能力 证据真实性 最佳证据规则 

分 类 号：D918.9[政治法律—法学]