基于性别公正的生育制度审视  

Review of Fertility Regime Based on Gender Justice

作　　者：周平[1] ZHOU Ping

机构地区：[1]中南民族大学法学院

出　　处：《法学评论》2024年第5期81-93,共13页Law Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“生命科技发展与人格权法制度创新研究”(批准号:12CFX057)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：性别公正、男女平等是我国基本国策。我国法律一直致力于消除性别不公且取得显著成就。就生育领域而言,法律始终追求性别公正,新近立法更在努力弥合性别鸿沟,但在生殖赋权、生育成本分配、抚育义务负担等方面仍存不足。部分规定强化女性客体性与母性,限缩对女性的生殖赋权、加重女性的生育负担与抚育义务。究其原因,主要是立法领域依旧残留“男权主义”“性别虚无主义”等思想。生育立法宜跟进生殖科技的发展,回应人口政策的转变,坚守性别平等的理念,完善性别公正的生育制度;检讨限缩女性生育自由,加重女性生育负担的规则,对两性平等地赋予生殖权利,在两性之间、家庭与社会之间公平地分配生殖成本、合理地分配抚育义务。Gender justice and equality is the fundamental national policy in China.Laws have been committed to eliminating gender inequality and have made significant progress.As far as reproduction is concerned,the law has always pursued gender justice,and the recent legislation has been making efforts to bridge the gender gap.Yet there still exits shortcomings in the aspects of reproductive empowerment,distribution of reproductive costs,and the assignment of childcare obligations.Some regulations strengthen the female image of object and motherhood,restrict the reproductive right of women and increase the female's reproductive burden and childcare obligations.The main reason is that the ideas of"male chauvinism"and“gender nihilism”still remain in the legislative field.Legislation on reproduction should follow up the development of reproductive technology,respond to changes in population policies,adhere to the legal concept of gender equality,and improve a gender fair reproductive system;Review the rules that restrict women's reproductive freedom and increase their reproductive burden,build a reproductive system that equally empower female and male reproductive rights,and fairly distribute reproductive costs and reasonably allocates childcare obligations among both sexes,families,and society.

关 键 词：性别公正 男权主义 性别虚无主义 生殖赋权 抚育义务 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]