涉民营企业产权犯罪的解释方向与规范限度——以《刑法修正案(十二)》为分析重点  

The Interpretation Direction and Normative Limits of Property Rights Crimes Involving Private Enterprises:With Amendment XIl of Criminal Law as Focal Point

作　　者：夏伟 XIA Wei

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学刑事司法学院

出　　处：《法学评论》2024年第5期173-183,共11页Law Review

基　　金：中国政法大学科研创新年度青年项目“轻罪治理的最大宽容理论构建研究”(项目编号:24KYQN028)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：刑法调整民营企业产权的基本立场,不是最大化保护,而是最小化干预。合理解释《刑法修正案(十二)》中的涉民营企业产权犯罪,应当立足于私有财产与国有财产的本质差异,以及“禁止以刑事手段干预民事纠纷”的刑事司法政策,确立“公私有别”的差序平等理念。在解释立场上,应当坚持用尽前置法、穷尽法理情,在遵循罪刑法定原则基础上寻找无罪化或轻罪化的可能,以使刑法对涉民营企业产权犯罪从“扩张的处罚”转向“妥当的处罚”。在解释方法上,通过合理续造“利用职务便利”“致使公司、企业利益遭受重大损失”等限定处罚的关键构成要件,以及将重的一般罪名分流至轻的特别罪名,妥善发挥刑法在营造法治化营商环境中的功能作用。The general position of the Criminal Law on adjusting the property rights of private enterprise is not to maximize protection,but to minimize intervention.A reasonable interpretation of the provisions of the Amendment XII of the Criminal Law on crimes involving property rights of private enterprise should be based on the essential differences between private property and state-owned property,as well as the criminal justice policy of"prohibiting criminal intervention in civil disputes",and establishing the concept of differential equality between public and private sector.In terms of interpretation direction,we should adhere to the exhaustion of prelaw and legal reasoning,and seek the possibility of innocence or misdemeanor as much as possible on the basis of following the principle of legality,so as to shift the criminal law from"expanding punishment"to"appropriate punishment"for property rights crimes involving private enterprise.In terms of interpretation methods,we can reasonably continue the key constituent elements of limited penalties such as"taking advantage of one's position"and"causing significant losses to the interests of the company and enterprise",as well as divert heavy general charges to light special charges,thereby the role of criminal law in creating a legal business environment is properly played.

关 键 词：《刑法修正案(十二)》 民营企业产权犯罪 最小化干预 处罚限定 降格评价 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]