考虑泄洪设施闸门控制的水库防洪调度  

Reservoir flood control operation considering spillway gate scheduling

作　　者：王沛霖[1,2] 苏承国 靳世鑫 原文林[1,2] 吴泽宁[1,2] WANG Peilin;SU Chengguo;JIN Shixin;YUAN Wenlin;WU Zening(College of Water Conservancy and Transportation,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,Henan,China;Yellow River Laboratory,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学水利与交通学院,河南郑州450001 [2]黄河实验室(郑州大学),河南郑州450001

出　　处：《水利水电技术（中英文）》2024年第8期104-115,共12页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52109041);河南省科技攻关计划(222102320108)。

摘　　要：【目的】水库防洪调度在防汛工作中具有举足轻重的地位,而如何控制泄洪设施闸门是水库防洪调度方案实施的关键。为此,【方法】建立了考虑泄洪闸门调度的水库防洪优化调度模型以实现精细化调度,并提出一种两层嵌套算法对模型进行求解。在内层建立了包括所有泄洪闸门可行组合的泄洪闸门组合表,外层采用POA算法对水库坝前水位和总泄水量进行优化,并通过查询闸门组合表确定各泄洪闸门的运行状态。【结果】澜沧江漫湾水库防洪优化调度的实例分析结果表明:所提出的两层嵌套方法计算效率较高,对于100年一遇和10年一遇的洪水事件,洪峰分别从12010 m^(3)/s减少到10611 m^(3)/s和从5003 m^(3)/s减少到3351 m^(3)/s,分别减少了11.6%和33.0%,洪水波动幅度分别降低了94.5%和8.8%,极大地缓解了下游防洪压力。此外,与不考虑泄洪闸门调度的传统防洪调度模型相比,所提出的模型能生成更加符合实际、更易于执行的防洪调度方案。【结论】该方法能够实现水库防洪优化调度向泄洪设施运行控制的精细化转变,对于增强防洪优化调度成果的可操作性、提升水库防洪调度管理水平具有一定意义。[Objective]Reservoir flood control operation plays an important role in flood control work,and how to control the spillway gates is the key to the implementation of reservoir flood control operation scheme.[Methods]This paper establishes an optimization model for optimal reservoir flood control operation considering spillway gate scheduling to obtain precise scheduling.A novel two-layer nested algorithm is then proposed to solve the model.In the inner layer,the spillway gate combination table,which includes all feasible spillway gate combinations,is established based on the water discharge curves and operation rules of individual spillway gates.In the outer layer,the forebay water level and total water discharge of the reservoir are optimized using the progressive optimality algorithm(POA),and each spillway gate′s operation status is determined by querying the spillway gate combination table.[Results]The validity of the model and approach are verified by taking the flood control operation of the Manwan Reservoir,located on the Lancang River in southwest China,as an example.The optimization result indicate that the proposed two-layer nested approach is computationally efficient.For the flood events with return periods of 100 years and 10 years,the flood peaks are reduced from 12010 m^(3)/s to 10611 m^(3)/s and from 5003 m^(3)/s to 3351 m^(3)/s,representing decreases of 11.6%and 33.0%,respectively.The amplitude of flood fluctuation was reduced by 94.5%and 8.8%respectively,which greatly relieved the pressure on downstream flood control.Moreover,compared with the conventional model without considering spillway gate scheduling,the proposed model can produce more realistic and executable flood control operation scheduling.[Conclusion]The presented method can realize the transformation of reservoir flood control operation to the operation control of flood discharge facilities,and has certain significance for enhancing the operability of flood control operation result and improving the level of reservoir flood control

关 键 词：防洪调度 泄洪设施闸门 两层嵌套方法 闸门组合表 影响因素 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]