河南省和河北省部分地区狐狸和貉十二指肠贾第虫和芽囊原虫感染情况分析  

Analysis of Giardia duodenalis and Blastocystis Infections in Foxes and Raccoon Dogs in Selected Areas of Henan and Hebei Provinces

作　　者：陈桂珍 郭雨楠 左守军 眭玉珍 卢营 郑力萍 宋鹏涛 栗亮亮 代宏宇 张涛[2] 张龙现[1] 董海聚[1] 刘芳[1,2] CHEN Guizhen;GUO Yunan;ZUO Shoujun;SUI Yuzhen;LU Ying;ZHENG Liping;SONG Pengtao;LI Liangliang;DAI Hongyu;ZHANG Tao;ZHANG Longxian;DONG Haiju;LIU Fang(College of Veterinary Medicine,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Beijing Agricultural University,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学动物医学院,河南郑州450046 [2]北京农学院动物科学技术学院,北京昌平102206

出　　处：《中国兽医杂志》2024年第9期39-46,共8页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31402187);北京农学院兽医学(中医药)北京市重点实验室开放课题(TCVM-201702);河南省科技攻关项目(2222102110053,92102110079)。

摘　　要：为了解狐狸和貉的十二指肠贾第虫和芽囊原虫感染情况以及相关影响因素,本试验从河南省(新乡和鹤壁)和河北省(秦皇岛)部分地区采集狐狸和貉的新鲜粪便样品共893份(其中狐狸312份、貉581份),提取粪便全基因组DNA,并分别基于贾第虫β-贾第虫素(BG)和芽囊原虫小亚基核糖体RNA(SSU rRNA)基因位点对粪便DNA样品进行PCR扩增,对阳性产物进行测序,经序列比对鉴定贾第虫和芽囊原虫基因亚型,构建系统进化树分析遗传进化关系。结果显示,狐狸和貉的十二指肠贾第虫和芽囊原虫总感染率均为1.79%(16/896);在来自新乡、鹤壁和秦皇岛的样品中,来自鹤壁的样品未检测出十二指肠贾第虫,来自新乡和秦皇岛的样品感染率分别为2.04%(11/540)和2.59%(5/193),3个地区均检测出芽囊原虫,感染率分别为1.48%(8/540)、1.25%(2/160)和3.11%(6/193);不同宿主间十二指肠贾第虫感染率存在显著差异(P<0.05);不同年龄段貉的芽囊原虫感染率存在显著差异(P<0.05);鉴定出的十二指肠贾第虫基因型主要为集聚体B~E;芽囊原虫基因型主要为ST1、ST2、ST3、ST5和ST7,且鉴定出的所有基因型均具有人兽共患性。本试验结果提示,狐狸和貉感染的十二指肠贾第虫和芽囊原虫存在人兽共患传播风险,具有重要的公共卫生意义。To understand the infection status of Giardia duodenalis and Blastocystis in foxes and raccoon dogs,as well as the related influencing factors,a total of 893 fresh fecal samples(312 from foxes and 581 from raccoon dogs) were collected from parts of Henan Province(Xinxiang and Hebi) and Hebei Province(Qinhuangdao).Whole-genome DNA was extracted from the fecal samples,and PCR amplification was performed on the DNA samples based on the Giardia β-giardin(BG) and Blastocystis small subunit ribosomal RNA(SSU rRNA) gene loci.The positive products were sequenced,and the gene subtypes of Giardia and Blastocystis were identified by sequence alignment.A phylogenetic tree was constructed to analyze the genetic relationships.The results showed that the overall infection rate of Giardia duodenalis and Blastocystis in foxes and raccoon dogs was 1.79%(16/896).Among the samples from Xinxiang,Hebi,and Qinhuangdao,no Giardia duodenalis was detected in samples from Hebi.The infection rates in samples from Xinxiang and Qinhuangdao were 2.04%(11/540) and 2.59%(5/193),respectively.Blastocystis was detected in samples from all three regions,with infection rates of 1.48%(8/540),1.25%(2/160),and 3.11%(6/193),respectively.There was a significant difference in the infection rate of Giardia duodenalis between different hosts(P<0.05),and a significant difference in the infection rate of Blastocystis among raccoon dogs of different age groups(P<0.05).The identified Giardia duodenalis genotypes were mainly assemblages B ~ E,and the identified Blastocystis genotypes were mainly ST1,ST2,ST3,ST5,and ST7,all of which have zoonotic potential.The results of this study indicate that Giardia duodenalis and Blastocystis infections in foxes and raccoon dogs pose a zoonotic transmission risk,which has significant public health implications.

关 键 词：狐狸 貉 十二指肠贾第虫 芽囊原虫 感染率 

分 类 号：S855.99[农业科学—临床兽医学]