10例猫特发性膀胱炎临床诊断和治疗的回顾性分析  

Retrospective Analysis on Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Ten Cases of Feline Idiopathic Cystitis

作　　者：郑方宇 杨万莲[2] 张海霞[2] 吕艳丽[2] ZHENG Fangyu;YANG Wanlian;ZHANG Haixia;LYU Yanli(Zhejiang Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center,Hangzhou 311199,China;College of Veterinary Medicine,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省动物疫病预防控制中心,浙江杭州311199 [2]中国农业大学动物医学院,北京海淀100193

出　　处：《中国兽医杂志》2024年第9期133-138,共6页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine

摘　　要：为了分析猫特发性膀胱炎(FIC)临床现有治疗方法的效果,了解其治疗和转归情况,以提高临床兽医对本病的认识,本调查跟踪追访2017年10月—2019年3月在中国农业大学教学动物医院确诊为FIC的10例患猫病例,对其基本信息、临床症状、影像学检查、实验室检查、治疗和转归情况进行总结和分析。结果显示,10例病例患猫均为雄性,以商品化干粮为主食,在室内饲养,一半患猫体重超重,所有患猫在发病前均经历过可知的压力事件;患猫临床表现为泌尿道和消化道症状;影像学检查结果显示,患猫泌尿道均未见结石征象;实验室检查结果显示,患猫存在不同程度的白细胞升高、中性粒细胞升高、氮质血症、高血磷和高血钾等;尿液细菌培养结果均为阴性;镇痛镇静解痉挛药物、导尿和增加饮水量可有效缓解病情,修复膀胱黏膜药物的治疗效果不理想;10例病例患猫均使用镇痛镇静解痉挛药物治疗,7例临床症状缓解(有效率70%);2例实施尿道造口术治疗的患猫中,1例临床症状缓解,1例出现血尿和膀胱结石。结果表明,各种应激因素均可诱发FIC,急性发病期可通过镇痛镇静解痉挛和导尿的方式有效缓解病情、治疗疾病;日常管理中增加饮水量可有效预防FIC。复发性FIC或者无法用保守疗法治疗的病例,可以考虑进行尿道造口术,但是需要进行严格的术后管理以防止产生并发症。To evaluate the effectiveness of existing clinical treatments for feline idiopathic cystitis(FIC) and understand the treatment outcomes to improve clinical veterinarians' awareness of the disease,this study tracked and analyzed 10 FIC cases diagnosed at the China Agricultural University Veterinary Teaching Hospital from October 2017 to March 2019.The analysis included basic information,clinical symptoms,imaging,laboratory tests,treatment,and outcomes.Results showed that all 10 cases were male cats,primarily fed commercial dry food,and kept indoors,with half of the cats being overweight.All cats had experienced identifiable stress events before the onset of the disease.Clinically,the cats exhibited urinary and gastrointestinal symptoms.Imaging results showed no signs of urinary stones.Laboratory tests revealed varying degrees of leukocytosis,neutrophilia,azotemia,hyperphosphatemia,and hyperkalemia.Urine bacterial cultures were negative.Analgesic,sedation,and antispasmodic medications,catheterization along with increased water intake,effectively alleviated symptoms,while bladder mucosa repair drugs were less effective.Of the 10 cases,all were treated with analgesic,sedation,and antispasmodic drugs,with 7 showing symptom relief(70% effectiveness).Of the 2 cats treated with urethrostomy,1 showed symptom relief,while the other developed hematuria and bladder stones.The results indicate that various stress factors can trigger FIC,and acute episodes can be effectively managed through analgesic,sedation,antispasmodics,and catheterization.Increasing water intake in daily management can effectively prevent FIC.Recurrent FIC or cases unresponsive to conservative treatment may warrant urethrostomy,although strict postoperative management is required to prevent complications.

关 键 词：猫特发性膀胱炎 猫 下泌尿道疾病 

分 类 号：S858.293[农业科学—临床兽医学]