17例马背痛病例的病因学分析  

Etiology Aanalysis of 17 Cases of Back Pain in Horses

作　　者：李沛旗 彭聪 贾旭晨 李梦玥 蔡恩嘉 李靖[1] 朱怡平 LI Peiqi;PENG Cong;JIA Xuchen;LI Mengyue;CAI Enjia;LI Jing;ZHU Yiping(College of Veterinary Medicine,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物医学院,北京海淀100193

出　　处：《中国兽医杂志》2024年第9期139-144,共6页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：中农大动物医院人才基金(1051-2221005)。

摘　　要：背痛是马常见的临床问题之一。迄今为止,我国关于马背痛的研究十分有限且尚无关于马背痛的发病情况调查,使得相关从业人员对该问题的重视程度不足。本试验旨在通过临床和X线诊断,分析马背痛发病情况和原因,从而提高相关从业人员对马背部健康的重视。本试验开展时间为2022年7—12月,通过走访北京市各大马场,对患有背痛的马进行一系列临床检查,将背部触诊检查、跛行检查和背部X线检查结果进行评分,量化马背痛程度,并将数据通过SPSS软件进行统计分析。共收集17例马背痛病例,按病因大致分为原发性、继发性和骑乘问题,其中以原发性背痛为主(82.4%,14/17),包括椎体病变(棘突吻合综合征)和背部肌肉问题,原发性背痛马中有21.4%(3/14)的马存在跛行;11.8%(2/17)的马为继发背痛;5.9%(1/17)的马由于骑乘不当引起背痛。经分析,棘突吻合综合征评分与棘突吻合的病变数量相关性极显著(P<0.001)。本试验调查的原发性背痛病例中,比赛马和教学骑乘马由于长期负重且剧烈运动更容易发生背痛。与马背痛相关性最高的是椎体病变伴随肌肉异常。随着病程发展,棘突病变愈发严重,同时棘突吻合的病变数量也愈多。Back pain is a common clinical issue in horses.To date,research on back pain in horses in China is limited,and there is a lack of epidemiological studies on the incidence of back pain in horses,resulting in insufficient attention from related professionals.This study aimed to analyze the incidence and causes of back pain in horses through clinical and X-ray diagnostics to raise awareness of back health among equine professionals.The study was conducted from July to December 2022,involving visits to major equestrian facilities in Beijing to conduct clinical examinations on horses with back pain.Scores were assigned based on back palpation,lameness examination,and dorsal X-ray findings to quantify the severity of back pain.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software.A total of 17 cases of back pain in horses were collected,categorized broadly as primary,secondary,and riding-related causes.Primary back pain was predominant(82.4%,14/17),including vertebral lesions [overriding dorsal spinous processes(ORDSP)] and muscle issues.Among horses with primary back pain,21.4%(3/14) exhibited lameness.Secondary back pain accounted for 11.8%(2/17) of cases,while 5.9%(1/17) of cases were attributed to improper riding.Analysis showed a highly significant correlation(P<0.001) between the score of ORDSP and the number of affected ORDSP.Within the primary back pain cases investigated,racehorses and horses used for instructional riding are more prone to back pain due to prolonged and intense physical exertion under load.Vertebral lesions combined with muscle abnormalities were found to be most strongly associated with back pain in horses.As the condition progressed,the severity of vertebral lesions increased,accompanied by a higher count of affected vertebrae.

关 键 词：背痛 临床评分 跛行 棘突吻合综合征 马 

分 类 号：S821.7[农业科学—畜牧学]