加压湿法冶金的研究进展  

Research Progress of Pressure Hydrometallurgy

作　　者：张廷安 贺欣[1,2] 吕国志 刘燕 ZHANG Ting′an;HE Xin;L Guozhi;LIU Yan(School of Metallurgy,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China;Key Laboratory for Ecological Utilization of Multimetallic Mineral,Ministry of Education,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China;Aluminum Southeast Material Institute Technology Co.,Ltd.,Fuzhou 350015,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学冶金学院,沈阳110819 [2]多金属共生矿生态化冶金教育部重点实验室,沈阳110819 [3]中铝东南材料院(福建)科技有限公司,福州350015

出　　处：《有色金属（冶炼部分）》2024年第10期1-12,共12页Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金云南联合重点基金资助项目(U1202274,U1402271);国家863计划资助项目(2012AA062303);国家自然科学基金面上项目(ZX20230386)。

摘　　要：加压湿法冶金是特殊冶金技术之一,广泛应用于氧化铝、红土镍矿、闪锌矿及金矿等的分离提取、金属还原制备和矿物合成。我国的加压湿法冶金技术60余年的发展历史说明,无论是生产工艺、技术装备还是规模都已达到了世界先进水平。面对国内外有色金属市场竞争日益激烈、节能减排及环保意识的增强,以及生产过程越发严苛的技术要求,加压湿法冶金技术在复杂低品位难处理矿物的高效清洁利用、加压湿法合成与制备、加压湿法氢还原低碳冶金等方面越来越显示出与生俱来的技术优势。本文对加压湿法冶金技术发展及特点进行阐述,重点介绍氧化铝加压湿法清洁生产、硫化矿氧压浸出及钒渣加压湿法冶金等方面的研究进展,并对加压湿法冶金技术的未来发展前景和方向进行展望。Pressure hydrometallurgy is one of the special metallurgical technologies,which is widely used in the separation,extraction,metal reduction and mineral synthesis of alumina,laterite nickel ore,sphalerite and gold ore.The development history of pressurized hydrometallurgy technology in China for more than 60 years shows that the production process,technical equipment and scale have reached the world advanced level.In the face of the increasingly fierce competition in the domestic and foreign non-ferrous metal market,energy conservation,emission reduction and environmental protection awareness,as well as the more stringent technical requirements of the production process,the pressure hydrometallurgy technology has increasingly shown its inherent technical advantages in the efficient and clean utilization of complex and low-grade refractory minerals,the pressurized hydrosynthesis and preparation,pressurized hydrohydrogen reduction and low-carbon metallurgy.In this paper,the development and characteristics of pressure hydrometallurgy technology are described,with emphasis on the research progress of clean production of alumina pressure hydrometallurgy,oxygen pressure leaching of sulfide ore and pressure hydrometallurgy of vanadium slag.Finally,the development prospect and direction of pressure hydrometallurgy technology in the future are prospected.

关 键 词：加压湿法 特殊冶金 发展趋势 钙化-碳化 氧化铝生产 

分 类 号：TF803.2[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]