高压浸出处理废旧阴极炭块回收石墨掺配制备铝用炭阳极  

Preparation of Carbon Anodes for Aluminum Electrolysis by Recovered Graphite from Spent Cathode Carbon Blocks via High Pressure Leaching

作　　者：陈昭旺 章国玺 何家吉 钟文涛 周珍鹏 熊凤钰 姚桢[1,2] CHEN Zhaowang;ZHANG Guoxi;HE Jiaji;ZHONG Wentao;ZHOU Zhenpeng;XIONG Fengyu;YAO Zhen(School of Materials and Architectural Engineering,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550025,China;Guizhou Engineering Research Center for Carbon Materials Aluminum Electrolysis,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学材料与建筑工程学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵州省铝电解炭素材料工程技术研究中心,贵阳550025

出　　处：《有色金属（冶炼部分）》2024年第10期134-140,共7页Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：贵州省科学技术基金资助项目(黔科合基础ZK[2022]一般321);贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑[2023]一般212);贵州省教育厅科技创新团队(黔教[2023]057号);贵州省教育厅滚动支持省属高校科研平台团队项目(黔教技[2022]012号);贵州省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202210663060)。

摘　　要：废旧阴极炭块作为铝工业仅次于赤泥的第二大固体废物,对于生态环境具有显著污染隐患,同时富含大量优质石墨资源,兼具循环利用属性。为实现废旧阴极炭块优质石墨资源的高效循环利用,利用高压浸出处理废旧阴极炭块,系统对比了废旧阴极炭块、煅后石油焦以及不同阶段回收石墨的理化性质差异,选取回收石墨掺配制备铝电解炭阳极。结果表明,相较于煅后石油焦,回收石墨具有较为接近的工业成分、物相组成及元素含量,但晶体结构和沥青润湿性存在显著差异。鉴于此,随着回收石墨掺配量的增加,制备阳极的使用性能逐渐降低。在低掺量条件下,废旧阴极炭块回收石墨具备掺配制备铝电解炭阳极的可行性和应用潜力。As the second largest solid waste in aluminum industry after red mud,the spent cathode carbon block has significant potential pollution hazards to the ecological environment,and is rich in a large number of high-quality graphite resources,with recycling properties.In order to realize the efficient recycling of high-quality graphite resources of spent cathode carbon block,the spent cathode carbon block was treated by high pressure leaching.The differences of physical and chemical properties of spent cathode carbon block,calcined petroleum coke and recovered graphite at different stages were systematically compared,and the recovered graphite was selected and blended with calcined petroleum coke to prepare the aluminum electrolytic carbon anode.The results show that compared with the calcined petroleum coke,the recovered graphite has similar industrial composition,phase composition and element content,but there are significant differences in crystal structure and asphalt wettability.In view of this,the performance of prepared anodes drops gradually with the increase of the amount of recycled graphite.Under the condition of low content,the recycled graphite from spent cathode carbon blocks has the feasibility and application potential of mixing and preparing aluminum electrolytic carbon anode.

关 键 词：铝电解 废旧阴极炭块 高压浸出 回收石墨 综合利用 

分 类 号：TF821[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]