云冷杉红松林优势树种生态位、种间联结及群落稳定性  

Niches,Interspecific Associations and Community Stability of Dominant Tree Species of Picea koraiensis-Abies nephrolepis-Pinus koraiensis Forest

作　　者：栾宜通 李念森 乔璐靖 琚存勇[1] 蔡体久[1] 孙佩丽 LUAN Yitong;LI Niansen;QIAO Lujing;JU Cunyong;CAI Tijiu;SUN Peili(Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management(Northeast Forestry University),Ministry of Education,College of Forestry,North‐east Forestry University,Harbin 150040;Administration of Xilinhe National Nature Reserve,Hegang 154101)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,森林生态系统可持续经营教育部重点实验室,哈尔滨150040 [2]黑龙江细鳞河国家级自然保护区管理局,鹤岗154101

出　　处：《植物研究》2024年第5期753-762,共10页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32371860)。

摘　　要：以细鳞河国家级自然保护区云冷杉红松(Picea koraiensis-Abies nephrolepis-Pinus koraiensis)林固定监测样地为对象,采用α多样性指数、生态位测定、方差比率法(VR)、χ^(2)检验、Spearman秩相关检验和M.Godron稳定性分析云冷杉红松林树种多样性、优势树种生态位、种间联结及群落稳定性。结果表明:(1)样地共有乔木树种14科14属20种,林木分布均匀,α多样性指数较高;(2)样地生态位重叠指数较高,但生态位重叠指数较大(>0.7)或较小(<0.4)的情况较少,生态位分化程度一般;(3)样地总体关联性呈不显著正关联,主要树种种间以正相关和不显著相关为主,种间独立性较强;(4)样地M.Godron稳定性计算结果落于点(32.79,67.21),远离稳定点(20,80),群落稳定性较差;(5)红松重要值与生态位宽度最大,与其他树种的生态位重叠指数均值高于样地均值,以大径级个体为主,树种相对频度较低。因此,在云冷杉红松林生态系统恢复过程中,应进行适当的人工干预,促进红松种群数量恢复,调节种间关系,提高种间联结强度,在群落稳定性下降时加强珍稀植物种群监测及保护。The fixed monitoring plot was conducted in the Xilinhe National Nature Reserve to analyze tree species diversity,dominant species niche,interspecific associations and community stability in the Picea koraiensis-Abies nephrolepis-Pinus koraiensis forest community by using a series of analysis methods including theαdiversity index,the niche determination,the variance ratio(VR),the Chi-square test(χ^(2) test),the Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient test and the M.Godron stability.The results showed that:(1)the plot encompassed 20 tree species,14 families and 14 genera,with a balanced distribution of trees,and theαdiversity index was high;(2)the community niche overlap index was relatively high,but the cases with large(>0.7)or small(<0.4)niche overlap index were rare with a moderate degree of niche differentiation;(3)the overall correlation of the community was nonsignificant positive,and the interspecific correlations among the main tree species were mainly positive and nonsignificant correlation with strong interspecific independence;(4)the stability of M.Godron analysis fell to the point(32.79,67.21)and was far from the stable point(20,80),indicating poor community stability;(5)P.koraiensis had the highest importance value and niche width in the sample plot,the average niche overlap index with other tree species was higher than the average value of the sample plot;the species was dominated by large-diameter individuals,and the relative frequency among tree species was low.Therefore,during the restoration process of Picea koraiensis-Abies nephrolepis-Pinus koraiensis forest,the appropriate artificial intervention should be carried out to promote the recovery of Pinus koraiensis population,to regulate interspecies relationships,to enhance interspecies association strength,and to strengthen monitoring and protection of rare plant populations when community stability declined.

关 键 词：云冷杉红松林 群落组成 生态位 种间关系 群落稳定性 

分 类 号：S791[农业科学—林木遗传育种]