基于种子活力和苗期生长的枫桦半同胞家系初选  

Preliminary Selection of Half-sib Family in Betula costata Based on Seed Vigor and Sapling Growth

作　　者：靳旭红 于聪 张庭耀 吕松瞳 刘扬 陈乐 龙生 穆怀志[1] JIN Xuhong;YU Cong;ZHANG Tingyao;LÜSongtong;LIU Yang;CHEN Le;LONG Sheng;MU Huaizhi(Forestry College,Beihua University,Jilin 132013)

机构地区：[1]北华大学林学院,吉林132013

出　　处：《植物研究》2024年第5期763-773,共11页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划项目(20240601089RC);国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFF1304004-05)。

摘　　要：枫桦(Betula costata)为东北林区重要的用材和观赏树种,通过系统比较枫桦不同半同胞家系的种子活力和生长性状,为枫桦优良家系选择提供参考。以枫桦30个半同胞家系为材料,对家系间种子千粒质量、发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、苗高和地径等6个性状进行方差分析和相关分析,并采用主成分分析法对参试家系进行综合评价。结果表明:种子千粒质量、发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、苗高和地径在不同家系间差异均达到极显著水平;各性状的家系遗传力均高于0.88;不同性状间均呈极显著正相关;利用主成分分析法选择JL6、JL18、JL22、JL7、JL25和JL4为优良家系,优良家系的种子千粒质量、发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、苗高和地径的平均值分别比总平均值高19.62%、15.97%、15.31%、26.81%、32.15%和14.49%,遗传增益分别为19.46%、22.67%、22.79%、24.07%、32.07%和14.44%,上述家系的母本可以初步确定为枫桦采种的首选母树。Betula costata is a valuable timber and ornamental tree species in northeast China.The seed vigor and growth traits of different half-sib families were systematically compared,and a reference for selecting Betula costata superior family would be provided.Variance analysis and correlation analysis on thousand seed weight,germination rate,germination energy,germination index,sapling height,and base diameter were conducted by using 30 Betula costata half-sib families as materials,and principal component analysis was used to evaluate comprehensively the tested families.The results showed that there was an extremely significant difference in thousand seed weight,germination rate,germination energy,germination index,height,and base diameter among families,respectively.The family heritability of each trait was higher than 0.88.There was an extremely significant positive correlation between different traits.Based on the result of principal component analysis,JL6,JL18,JL22,JL7,JL25,and JL4 were selected as the superior families.The average of the thousand seed weight,germination rate,germination energy,germination index,sapling height,and base diameter of superior families were 19.62%,15.97%,15.31%,26.81%,32.15%,and 14.49%higher than the total average,respectively.The genetic gains of thousand seed weight,germination rate,germination energy,germination index,sapling height,and base diameter of superior families were 19.46%,22.67%,22.79%,24.07%,32.07%,and 14.44%,respectively.The mother tree of the above superior families could be preliminarily determined as the preferred mother tree for Betula costata seed collection.

关 键 词：枫桦 半同胞家系 种子活力 苗期生长 

分 类 号：S722.5[农业科学—林木遗传育种]