气候因子对呼伦贝尔沙化草地生态系统健康性的影响  

Effects of Climate Factors on Ecosystem Health of Sandy Grassland in Hulunbuir

作　　者：图雅 王百竹 王丹雨 朱媛君 杨晓晖[2] Indree Tuvshintogtokh 王百田[1] Tuya;WANG Bai-zhu;WANG Dan-yu;ZHU Yuan-jun;YANG Xiao-hui;Indree Tuvshintogtokh;WANG Bai-tian(School of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Institute of Desertification/Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Botanic Garden and Research Institute,Mongolian Academy of Sciences,Ulaanbaatar 13330,Mongolia)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083 [2]中国林业科学研究院荒漠化研究所/生态保护与修复研究所,北京100091 [3]蒙古国科学院植物园与植物研究所,蒙古国乌兰巴托13330

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2024年第9期1191-1200,共10页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作与交流项目(32061123005);国家自然科学基金(41971061);中华人民共和国科学技术部国家外国专家项目(G2022052003L)。

摘　　要：健康的生态系统对于提供人类所需的服务至关重要,并具有巨大的社会和经济价值,如何评价生态系统健康性具有重要意义。研究基于群落特征和土壤理化性质各项指标计算呼伦贝尔沙化草地生态系统健康性指数(CVOR)及其准则层的4项组成指数(草地基况指数C、活力指数V、组织力指数O及恢复力指数R),通过Fisher有序样本聚类法对CVOR指数进行等级划分。结果表明:呼伦贝尔沙化草地生态系统健康性等级共分为4级:1级健康,2级亚健康,3级警戒,4级崩溃;CVOR指数及其准则层4项组成指数与气候因子在不同健康等级样地之间存在显著差异(P<0.05);年平均温度和生长季平均温度与各项健康指数呈显著负相关关系,年平均降水量和生长季降水量与各项指数呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05)。这表明降水量的增加有利于提高呼伦贝尔沙化草地生态系统健康性,而温度升高将不利于维持草地生态系统健康性。在未来全球气候变暖的趋势下,呼伦贝尔沙化草地生态系统健康性存在逐年降低的风险,草场管理人员可以通过降低草场利用强度以及其他管理方式来维持草地生态系统健康性的可持续发展。A healthy ecosystem is crucial for providing the services that humans need and has significant social and economic value.Evaluating the health of ecosystems is of great importance.In this study,ecosystem health index CVOR and its four component indexes(condition,vitality,organization and resilience)of Hulunbuir sandy grassland were calculated based on community characteristics and soil physical and chemical properties,and CVOR index was classified by Fisher ordered sample clustering method.The results show that the ecosystem health level of Hulunbuir sandy grassland was divided into four levels:level 1-healthy,level 2-sub-healthy,level 3-alert and level 4-collapse.There are significant differences in CVOR index and the four component indexes of the criterion layer and climate factors among different health level sites.Annual average temperature and growing season average temperature are negatively correlated with all health indices,while annual precipitation and growing season precipitation are positively correlated with all indices as well.This indicates that increased precipitation benefits the improvement of ecosystem health in Hulunbuir sandy grassland,while higher temperatures will hinder the maintenance of ecosystem health.Under the trend of global climate warming in the future,there is a risk of decreasing ecosystem health year by year in Hulunbuir sandy grassland.Grassland managers can maintain sustainable development of grassland ecosystem health by reducing grazing intensity and implementing other management methods.

关 键 词：生态系统健康性 呼伦贝尔草原 CVOR指数 气候变化 可持续发展 

分 类 号：X82[环境科学与工程—环境工程]