非法猎捕、收购、运输、出售陆生野生动物罪的法益识别与规范阐释  

Legal Interest Identification and Normative Interpretation of the Crime of Ilegally Hunting,Purchasing,Transporting or Selling Terrestrial Wild Animals

作　　者：刘仁文[1] Liu Renwen

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院法学研究所,北京100720

出　　处：《法学杂志》2024年第5期144-157,共14页Law Science Magazine

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“刑法的立体分析与关系刑法学研究”(项目编号:19AFX007)的研究成果;中国社会科学院学科建设“登峰战略”资助计划(项目编号:DF2023ZD07)资助。

摘　　要：作为新型冠状病毒感染疫情背景下野生动物领域的新增罪名,非法猎捕、收购、运输、出售陆生野生动物罪以防范因食用陆生野生动物而引发病毒、疫病传播风险为规范保护目的,其背后的法益结构应以公共卫生安全为内核法益,以国家对野生动物的合理保护、野生动物伦理、生物多样性为保护带法益。本罪的行为对象是指有重要生态、科学、社会价值的野生动物和地方重点保护的野生动物以及其他陆生野生动物,野生性是本罪行为对象的本质特征。“以食用为目的”具有控制本罪处罚范围的功能,观赏、药用等非食用目的不构成本罪。本罪对前置性规范的从属程度应坚持相对性,并明确前置性规范的效力层级和范围。As a new crime in the field of wild animals under the background of COVID-19 epidemic,the crime of illegally hunting,purchasing,transporting or selling terrestrial wild animals aims to prevent the risk of virus and disease transmission caused by eating terrestrial wild animals.The legal interest structure should take public health safety as the core legal interest.The reasonable protection of wildlife by the state,animal ethics and biodiversity are the belt of legal interest.The object of the crime refers to wild animals with important ecological,scientific and social values,wild animals under special local protection and other terrestrial wild animals.Wildness is the essential feature of the object of the crime."For the purpose of consumption"has the function of controlling the scope of punishment of this crime.Non-edible purposes such as ornamental and medicinal don't constitute the crime.The degree of subordination of this crime to the antecedent norms should adhere to relativity,and clarify the effectiveness hierarchy and scope.

关 键 词：法益结构 陆生野生动物 食用目的 前置性规范 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]