珍稀濒危孑遗植物水松科学保护问题与对策——以珠海市斗门竹洲岛水松保护区为例  

Problems and Countermeasures of Scientific Protection of Rare and Endangered Relic Plant Glyptostrobus pensilis.Forest--Taking Zhuzhou Island Glyptostrobus pensilis.Reserve in Doumen,Zhuhai as an Example

作　　者：熊晴帆 游奕来 甘加俊 孙争争 毕慧缘 梅玉启 Xiong Qingfan;You Yilai;Gan Jiajun;Sun Zhengzheng;Bi Huiyuan;Mei Yuqi(Guangdong Zhuhai Qi'ao-Dangan Island Provincial Nature Reserve Management Office,Zhuhai 519000,Guangdong,China;Guangdong Nanyue Ecological Technology Co.,Ltd,Guangzhou 510520,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广东珠海淇澳-担杆岛省级自然保护区管理处,广东珠海519000 [2]广东南粤生态科技有限公司,广东广州510520

出　　处：《绿色科技》2024年第14期45-49,共5页Journal of Green Science and Technology

基　　金：广东珠海淇澳-担杆岛省级自然保护区滨海湿地生态修复示范项目(编号:2020-440400-48-01-025271)。

摘　　要：以广东珠海斗门竹洲岛水松林市级自然保护区2023年和2006年水松林群落的主要数据为依据,揭示了该水松林分密度由925株/hm^(2)减少为757株/hm^(2),减少幅度达18.2%;林分胸径结构分布由2006年的2~20 cm,演替为2023年的6~22 cm,且林下缺乏自然更新的幼苗和幼树,2006年和2023年的胸径分布态势均为断崖式塔型,林分处于数量成熟期转向衰退期,但质量成熟还有微弱的上升空间;森林群落健康问题突出,林分枯死木占立木总株数的12.0%和9.8%,被藤本缠绕的植株占立木总数的33.3%和29.5%;栖息地生境受到严重威胁,沿岸滩涂堤围崩溃,导致水松根部裸露、立木倒伏、枯死。提出了相应保护对策主要为:①加强栖息地生境的保护刻不容缓;②采取必要的人为措施促进水松林群落正向演替;③建立水松种质资源库,增强水松群落的遗传多样性;④开展栖息地生境与水松林生长发育关系监测;⑤建设科普设施和加强科普宣教等。该研究可为国内外相似的自然保护区制订科学保护方案提供参考。Based on the main data of the Glyptostrobuspensilis forest community in the Zhuzhou Island Glyptostrobus pensilis.Forest Nature Reserve in Doumen,Zhuhai,Guangdong Province,in 2023 and 2006,this study revealed that the density of the Glyptostrobus pensilis forest decreased from 925 plants/hm^(2) to 757 plants/hm^(2),a decrease of 18.2%.The distribution of stand diameter at breast height structure has changed from 2-20 cm in 2006 to 6cm to 22cm in 2023,and there is a lack of natural regeneration seedlings and young trees under the forest.The distribution trend of stand diameter in 2006 and 2023 was a cliff shaped tower,and the stand was in a period of quantity maturity turning into decline,but there is still a weak room for improvement in quality maturity;The health issues of forest communities are prominent,with dead trees accounting for 12.0%and 9.8%of the total number of standing trees,and plants entangled by vines account for 33.3%and 29.5%of the total number of standing trees;The habitat is seriously threatened,and the embankment of the mudflat along the coast collapses,resulting in the exposed roots,lodging and withering of the standing trees of the Glyptostrobus pensilis.Therefore,the proposed protection measures mainly include:①strengthening the protection of habitats is urgent;②necessary human measures should be taken to promote the positive succession of Glyptostrobus pensilis.forest communities;③a Glyptostrobus pensilis germplasm resource bank should be established to enhance the genetic diversity of Glyptostrobus pensilis.communities;④the relationship between habitat and the growth and development of Glyptostrobus pensilis.forests should be monitored;⑤science popularization facilities should be constructed to strengthen science popularization education.This study can provide a reference for the establishment of scientific protection programs for similar nature reserves at home and abroad.

关 键 词：水松 珍稀濒危孑遗植物 科学保护 问题与对策 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]