千岛湖马尾松次生林抚育改造种群结构变化研究  

Study on the Population Structure Changes of Pinus massoniana Secondary Forest Cultivation and Transformation in Thousand\|isle Lake

作　　者：张楠 王志平 余阳春 徐高福 徐邓幸 Zhang Nan;Wang Zhiping;Yu Yangchun;Xu Gaofu;Xu Dengxing(Chun'an County Forestry General Farm Co.,Ltd.,Chun'an 311700,Zhejiang,China;Hangzhou Chunlin Forestry Development Co.,Ltd.,Chun'an 311700,Zhejiang,China;Hangzhou Thousand\|isle Lake Guanfeng Agricultural Development Co.,Ltd.,Chun'an 311700,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]淳安县林业总场有限公司,浙江淳安311700 [2]杭州淳林林业发展有限公司,浙江淳安311700 [3]杭州千岛湖冠峰农业开发有限公司,浙江淳安311700

出　　处：《绿色科技》2024年第15期76-82,共7页Journal of Green Science and Technology

基　　金：杭州市农业和社会发展项目(编号:2022S13)。

摘　　要：为分析马尾松次生林抚育改造的林分密度、树种结构及其空间布局的动态变化,评估马尾松次生林改造成效。以千岛湖的5块马尾松天然次生林改造典型样地为研究对象,2008年在实施林分改造前布设每个30 m×30 m大小的样地,同年冬季间伐、次年春节补植,至2023年进行复位监测,调查林分改造前后样地的林分生长情况,求得树种重要值,分析直径、树高构成以及群落混交度、大小比数、角尺度等空间结构。结果表明:①千岛湖区马尾松次生中龄林间伐并补植阔叶树种,经过14年生长,林分密度提高72.88%;②林分改造后马尾松的重要值从61.308下降至26.754,同时其他常绿针叶树种重要值也同步下降,而常绿、落叶阔叶树树种均有一定程度上升,木荷、石栎的重要值提高6.81%;檵木、短柄枹之类灌木、阔叶小乔木的重要值增幅高达84.81%;③马尾松抚育补植第14年的群落直径分布特征呈“L”形,高度级个体数呈塔型,下层幼树较多,复层结构明显;④平均混交度抚育前为0.42,抚育后混交程度提高至0.72。受优势木增加且补植阔叶树生长的影响,群落的大小比数分化明显。群落的平均角尺度从抚育前的0.59下降至抚育后的0.356,由聚集分布向均匀分布转变。指出了马尾松次生林间伐并补植阔叶树种有利于改善林分结构,提高林分生产力和生物多样性,未来千岛湖马尾松次生林或将以针阔叶树种混交并与小乔木、灌木共同构建复层林方向演替为常态。This paper aims to analyze the dynamic changes in stand density,tree species structures,and spatial layout of Pinus massoniana secondary forest nurturing and transformation.The effectiveness of Pinus massoniana secondary forest transformation was evaluated.Five typical plots of Pinus massoniana natural secondary forest transformation in Thousand-isle Lake were selected as the research objects.In 2008,each plot of 30m x 30m was set up before the implementation of forest stand transformation.In the same year,thinning was carried out in winter and replanting was carried out in the following year's Spring Festival.By 2023,restoration monitoring was conducted to investigate the growth of the forest stand before and after forest stand transformation.The important values of tree species were obtained,and spatial structures such as diameter,tree height composition,community mixing degree,size ratio,and angular scale were analyzed.The results showed that①Pinus massoniana secondary middle-aged forest in Thousand-isle Lake area was felled and replanted with broad-leaved tree species.After 14 years of growth,the stand density increased by 72.88%.②After forest stand transformation,the importance value of Pinus massonian a decreased from 61.308 to 26.754,while the importance value of other evergreen coniferous tree species also decreased synchronously.Both evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved tree species increased to a certain extent,and the importance value of Schima superba and Lithocarpus glaber increased by 6.81%;The important value of shrubs such as Loropetalum chinense and Quercus serrata,as well as small broad-leaved trees,increased by 84.81%.③The community diameter distribution characteristics of Pinus massoniana in the 14th year of nurturing and replanting show an L-shaped pattern,with a tower shaped number of individuals at the height level.There are many young trees in the lower layers,and the compound layer structure is obvious.④The average degree of mixing before nurturing was 0.42.After nurturing,the deg

关 键 词：马尾松 针阔混交 乡土树种 复层 林分空间结构 重要值 千岛湖 

分 类 号：S791.248[农业科学—林木遗传育种]