龙岩市新罗区油茶芽苗砧嫁接育苗技术研究  

Research on Techniques for Grafting and Breeding of Camellia oleifera Seedlings and Rootstocks in Longyan City Xinluo District

作　　者：汤晓华 Tang Xiaohua(Forestry Bureau of Xinluo District,Longyan City,Longyan 364000,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省龙岩市新罗区林业局,福建龙岩364000

出　　处：《绿色科技》2024年第15期145-148,共4页Journal of Green Science and Technology

摘　　要：芽苗砧嫁接育苗技术是提升油茶产业效益的关键。采用单因素随机区组试验设计,设置接穗筛选、嫁接方法和嫁接时间3个因素,分析各处理嫁接苗成活率、苗高和地径差异。结果表明:不同处理间油茶嫁接苗成活率、苗高和地径均存在显著差异(P<0.05)。木质化穗条的3项指标均显著优于其他接穗类型;胚芽劈接法和胚芽切接法的3项指标显著优于胚根劈接法,且前两者之间无显著差异;5月下旬和6月下旬嫁接的3项指标均显著优于7月中上旬。针对龙岩市新罗区的自然条件,推荐选用木质化穗条,采用胚芽劈接或切接法,在5-6月份进行嫁接,可有效提高油茶芽苗砧嫁接育的成活率和苗木质量。The technique for grafting and breeding of seedlings and rootstocks is a crucial factor in enhancing the economic efficiency of the Camellia oleifera industry.A single-factor randomized block design was employed,with three factors set:scion selection,grafting methods,and grafting time.Differences in survival rate,seedling height,and ground diameter among various treatments were analyzed.Significant differences(P<0.05)were observed among different treatments regarding the survival rate,seedling height,and ground diameter of grafted Camellia oleifera seedlings.Woody scions outperformed other types in all three indicators.Bud cleft grafting and bud wedge grafting showed significantly better results in all three aspects compared to root cleft grafting,with no significant difference between the former two methods.Grafting conducted in late May and late June surpassed that done in early to mid-July in terms of these three parameters.For the natural conditions prevailing in Xinluo District,Longyan City,it is recommended to use woody scions,employ either bud cleft or bud wedge grafting methods,and conduct the grafting during May to June.This approach can effectively increase the survival rate and improve the quality of grafted Camellia oleifera seedlings,thereby boosting the success of grafting and breeding of seedlings and rootstocks in the region.

关 键 词：油茶 芽苗砧嫁接育苗 关键技术 龙岩市新罗区 

分 类 号：S794.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种]