4种钝化剂修复镉污染稻田的稳定性研究  

Stability Study of Four Passivators for Remediation of Cadmium-Contaminated Rice Fields

作　　者：匡宇 敖和军[1] KUANG Yu;AO Hejun(College of Agronomy/Southern Cereal and Oil Crops Collaborative Innovation Center,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院/南方粮油作物协同创新中心,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《作物研究》2024年第4期256-260,286,共6页Crop Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32172107)。

摘　　要：为探究钝化剂对镉污染稻田的修复效果及稳定性,在浏阳市沿溪镇花园村开展大田试验,以玉针香和湘晚籼13号为供试晚稻品种,设置硫铝酸钙(S)、氯铝酸钙(L)、钙铝水滑石(A)、镁铝水滑石(B)4种钝化剂处理与对照(CK)处理,比较施用3年后不同处理水稻产量、各部位干物质和镉吸收与转运的差异。结果表明:与对照相比,L、B处理土壤的有效镉含量分别显著下降了27.78%和19.44%,且其土壤Cd的活化率也均显著降低。玉针香和湘晚籼13号的糙米镉含量均为A处理最低,分别较对照下降48.89%和51.52%,L处理则分别下降了20.00%和21.21%,B处理分别下降了40.00%和12.12%。施用钝化剂对湘晚籼13号的产量无显著影响,L、S处理显著增加了水稻茎叶干物质量,A处理对水稻茎叶干物质量无显著影响,B处理显著增加了湘晚籼13号的茎叶干物质量,但显著降低了玉针香的茎叶干物质量。综合分析,一次性施用钙铝水滑石对镉污染土壤修复和水稻降镉的稳定性最好,硫铝酸钙效果相对较差。In order to investigate the remediation effect and stability of four passivators on cadmium-contaminated paddy fields,a field experiment was carried out in Garden Village,Yanxi Township,Liuyang City,with Yuzhenxiang and Xiangwanxian No.13 as the test varieties of paddy fields,and four passivators,namely,calcium sulphoaluminate(S),calcium chloroaluminate(L),calcium-aluminium hydrotalcite(A),magnesium-aluminium hydrotalcite(B)were used to investigate the effects of the passivators on the yields of the different varieties of paddy fields and on the cadmium uptake of different varieties of paddy fields at the third year of the application period.The results showed that,compared with CK,the effective Cd content of soil decreased by 27.78%and 19.44%in L and B treatments,respectively.Meanwhile,the treatments significantly reduced the activation rate of soil Cd.The Cd content of Yuzhenxiang and Xiangwanxian No.13 brown rice in A treatment was the lowest among all the treatments,which decreased by 48.89%and 51.52%,respectively,compared with the control,and decreased by 20.00%and 21.21%in L treatment,and 40.00%and 12.12%in B treatment,respectively.Application of passivation had no significant effect on the yield of Xiangwanxian No.13,L and S treatments significantly increased the dry matter of stems and leaves,A treatment had no significant effect on the dry matter of stems and leaves,and B treatment significantly increased the dry matter of the stems and leaves of Xiangwanxian No.13,but sig nificantly reduced the dry matter of the stems and leaves of Yuzhenxiang.Taken together,one-time application of calciumaluminum hydrotalcite has the best stability for remediation of cadmium-contaminated soil and reduction of cadmium in rice.The effect of calcium sulfoaluminate is relatively poor.

关 键 词：稻田 镉 钝化剂 晚稻 土壤修复 

分 类 号：S511.06[农业科学—作物学]