太阳能智能牲畜饮水系统设计与实验  

Design and Experiment of Solar Energy Intelligent Drinking Water System for Livestock

作　　者：牛俊奎 姚佳男 李振刚[1,2] 郭少华[3] NIU Jun-kui;YAO Jia-nan;LI Zhen-gang;GUO Shao-hua(Yinshanbeilu National Field Research Station of Desert Steppe Eco-Hydrological System,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;Institute of Water Resources for Pastoral Area Ministry of Water Resources,Inner Mongolia Hohhot 010020,China;Inner Mongolia University,Inner Mongolia Hohhot 010020,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院内蒙古阴山北麓荒漠草原生态水文野外科学观测研究站,北京100038 [2]水利部牧区水利科学研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010020 [3]内蒙古大学,内蒙古呼和浩特010020

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2024年第9期210-214,共5页Machinery Design & Manufacture

基　　金：中国水利水电科学研究院科研专项--高寒地区智能牲畜饮水系统关键技术研究(MK2020J06)。

摘　　要：为解决高寒地区冬季严寒气候环境下饮水槽结冰和水温较低,导致牲畜饮水量少、饮食减少、发育迟缓、体能下降等问题,提高养殖质量及经济效益,设计了太阳能智能牲畜饮水系统。系统利用太阳能将饮水温度加热到(14~33)℃,实现牲畜冬季饮用温水的需求。系统采用PLC控制和组态软件监控,实现自动补水、集热循环及自动饮水等功能。当感应到牲畜来时自动放水,饮水结束后将饮水槽中剩余水排空,实现无人化自动饮水管理功能。实验表明,系统利用太阳能可将饮水温度加热到33℃,集热效果明显,满足冬季严寒气候条件下牲畜饮用温水的热量需求,且该方案有效避免能量损失。系统所需能源主要来自太阳能,能源丰富廉价无污染,且无人化牲畜饮水管理大大减轻牧民劳动量和改善养殖条件。It designs a solar energy intelligent drinking water system for livestock to solve the problems of low water consumption,reduced diet,stunted growth and reduced physical performance of livestock in the cold winter climate of alpine regions.At the same time to improve the quality and economic efficiency of breeding.The system uses solar energy to heat the temperature of drink⁃ing water to(14~33)℃to meet the demand of livestock drinking warm water in winter.The system adopts PLC control and con⁃figuration software monitoring to realize the functions of automatic water supply,heat collection cycle and automatic drinking water.When the livestock is sensed,the water will be automatically discharged.The remaining water in the drinking tank will be emptied after drinking.The system realizes the management function of unmanned automatic drinking water.The experiments in⁃dicated that the system can heat the drinking water temperature to 33℃by using solar energy,and the heat collection effect is ob⁃vious.The system can meet the heat demand of drinking warm water for livestock in winter.And the scheme can effectively avoid en⁃ergy loss.The energy required by the system mainly comes from solar energy,which is abundant,cheap and pollution-free.The un⁃manned livestock drinking water management function will also greatly reduce the labor of herdsmen and improve breeding condi⁃tions.

关 键 词：太阳能 牲畜饮水 控制系统 组态软件 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]