制造业企业在中国经济双循环中的比较优势分析——基于企业异质性视角  

The Comparative Advantage Analysis of Manufacturing Enterprises in China's Economic Dual Circulation:Based on the Perspective of Enterprise Heterogeneity

作　　者：祝坤福 王家荣 李善同[3] Zhu Kunfu;Wang Jiarong;Li Shantong(School of Economics,Renmin University of China;School of Business,Renmin University of China;Department of DevelopmentStrategy and Regional Economy,Development Research Center of the State Council)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学经济学院 [2]中国人民大学商学院 [3]国务院发展研究中心发展战略和区域经济研究部

出　　处：《管理世界》2024年第9期60-79,176,共21页Journal of Management World

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“跨国公司全球价值链核算与中国经济双循环研究”(72173130);国家自然科学基金重点项目“全球价值链视角下的国内区域分工与市场一体化研究”(71733003)的资助。

摘　　要：充分发挥异质型企业比较优势,推动产业链供应链优化升级,是加快构建新发展格局、推动建设更高水平开放型经济新体制的关键所在。本文将全球价值链生产分解框架扩展至中国地区层面,并引入企业异质性视角,定量分析异质型企业在省际、国际和双重价值链生产的比较优势动态演变特征。研究发现,在省际贸易日益增强、国际贸易逐渐减弱的背景下,外资企业在高研发强度制造业、内资企业在中研发强度制造业、港澳台资企业在高研发强度和中低研发强度制造业中的比较优势显著,反映了异质型企业在推动中国产业链发展中各尽其能,优势互补的分工特征;不管是全国还是地区层面,港澳台资和外资企业在高研发制造业生产活动中比较优势突出,在产业链分工合作中发挥了重要枢纽作用。本文进一步采用结构分解分析方法重点分析贸易规模和产业链分工水平变化对异质型企业比较优势的贡献,结果表明,各类企业比较优势的提升主要是贸易规模扩大所致,产业链分工水平明显滞后,这一现象在高研发强度制造业中尤为明显。本文的研究结论为提升中国企业在全球产业链中的竞争力、助力经济实现高质量发展提供了政策启示。Giving full play to the comparative advantages of heterogeneous enterprises and promoting the optimization and upgrading of industrial chains and supply chains is the key to accelerating the establishment of a new development pattern and promoting the construction of a new system of an open economy at a higher level.By extending the global value chains production decomposition framework to regions in China and adopting the perspective of firm heterogeneity,this paper quantitatively analyzes the dynamic evolution of the comparative advantage of heterogeneous enterprises in inter-provincial,international and dual value chain production.The conclusions are as follow:in the context of increasing inter-provincial trade and weakening international trade,foreign-invested enterprises(FIEs)have significant comparative advantages in high-R&D intensity manufacturing,domestic-invested enterprises(DIEs)in medium-R&D intensity manufacturing,and Hong Kong,Macao,Taiwan invested enterprises(HMTs)in high-R&D intensity and medium-low R&D intensity manufacturing,reflecting the division of labor characteristics of heterogeneous enterprises in promoting the development of China's industrial chain to the best of their efforts and complementary advantages.Whether at the national or regional level,HMTs and FIEs have prominent comparative advantages in the production activities of high R&D manufacturing,and play an important role in the division of labor and cooperation in the industrial chain.In this paper,the structural decomposition analysis(SDA)method is further used to analyze the contribution of changes in trade scale and industrial chain division level to comparative advantage.The results show that the improvement of comparative advantage of various enterprises is mainly caused by the expansion of trade scale,and the industrial chain division level is obviously lagging behind,which is more prominent in high-R&D intensity manufacturing industries.The research conclusions of this paper provide policy implications for improving the co

关 键 词：全球价值链 国内价值链 比较优势 异质型企业 

分 类 号：F425[经济管理—产业经济]