面向系统响应能力提升的虚拟电厂聚合特性及交易机制综述  

Review on Aggregation Characteristics and Trading Mechanisms of Virtual Power Plant for Enhancing System Response Capability

作　　者：王飞[1,2] 王歌 徐飞 WANG Fei;WANG Ge;XU Fei(School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,North China Electric Power University,Baoding 071003,China;State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources(North China Electric Power University),Beijing 102206,China;Department of Electrical Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;State Key Laboratory of Power System Operation and Control(Tsinghua University),Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学电气与电子工程学院,河北省保定市071003 [2]新能源电力系统全国重点实验室(华北电力大学),北京市102206 [3]清华大学电机工程与应用电子技术系,北京市100084 [4]新型电力系统运行与控制全国重点实验室(清华大学),北京市100084

出　　处：《电力系统自动化》2024年第18期87-103,共17页Automation of Electric Power Systems

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划资助项目(2022B01020-2);国家电网有限公司科技项目(5108-202218280A-2-383-XG)。

摘　　要：在新型电力系统频率动态品质下降、频率稳定问题突出的背景下,文中综述了面向系统频率响应能力提升的虚拟电厂聚合响应特性与市场交易机制,为当前由于市场机制缺乏导致的分布式资源频率支撑技术应用难题提供市场化解决思路。首先,总结了分布式资源频率动态响应基本原理以及虚拟电厂所需关键支撑技术,剖析了虚拟电厂在提供系统频率支撑方面存在的问题。其次,从时间、空间、成本3个维度提炼了虚拟电厂的频率聚合响应特性,并综述了虚拟电厂提升系统频率响应能力的市场交易机制,涵盖产品设计、出清定价、贡献量化、结算考核4个关键环节。然后,探讨了虚拟电厂聚合响应特性与市场交易机制间的交互作用关系。最后,展望了虚拟电厂提升系统频率响应能力的未来研究重点。In the context of the issues of degraded frequency dynamic performance and prominent frequency stability in the new power system,this paper summarizes aggregation response characteristics and market trading mechanisms of virtual power plants(VPPs)for system frequency response capability enhancement,and provides market-based solutions for the current application difficulties in the distributed resource frequency support technology due to the lack of market mechanism.Firstly,the fundamental principles of frequency dynamic responses of distributed resources and the key supporting technologies required by VPPs are summarized,and the problems existing in providing system frequency support for VPPs are analyzed.Secondly,the frequency aggregation response characteristics of VPPs are refined from the three dimensions of time,space and cost,and the market trading mechanism of VPPs to enhance the system frequency response capability is summarized,including product design,clearing pricing,contribution quantification and settlement assessment.Then,the interaction between the aggregation response characteristics of VPPs and the market trading mechanism is discussed.Finally,the future research focuses of VPPs to enhance the system frequency response capability are prospected.

关 键 词：虚拟电厂 新型电力系统 频率响应能力 频率动态 市场机制 辅助服务 

分 类 号：TM73[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]