磨料流光整加工理论与技术研究进展  

Research Progress of Theory and Technology in Abrasive Flow Machining

作　　者：郑宸曦 陈书凝 张鑫龙 ZHENG Chenxi;CHEN Shuning;ZHANG Xinlong(Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China;Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology,Harbin 150022,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学,哈尔滨150040 [2]黑龙江科技大学,哈尔滨150022

出　　处：《表面技术》2024年第17期17-40,111,共25页Surface Technology

基　　金：黑龙江省博士后面上项目(LBH-Z22045);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2572021BF07);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2572023CT14-04)。

摘　　要：在简要阐述挤压磨料流加工技术、磨料水射流抛光技术及软性磨料流加工技术材料去除机理的基础上,介绍了磨料流加工方法的研究进展,总结了上述3种磨料在流光整加工技术抛光过程中,磨粒种类/浓度/粒度、磨料黏度与黏温特性、挤压压力、喷射角度及喷射距离等关键工艺参数对被加工工件材料去除率(材料去除量)和表面粗糙度(表面粗糙度变化)的影响规律,分析了磨料流应用过程中存在的加工均匀性、力学性能及加工精度等技术难题。同时,针对所述技术难题,不仅探讨了相关试验研究,而且提出了一种磨料流与管材液力成形技术相结合的复合工艺,为实现增材制造零件短流程、低排放、低成本的低碳制造目标提供了有效方法。最后,综合归纳了磨料流加工技术在各领域的具体应用,并展望了磨料流光整加工的发展方向。This paper was based on a brief explanation of material removal mechanisms of extrusion abrasive flow machining technology,abrasive water jet polishing technology,and soft abrasive flow machining technology.The research progress of abrasive flow machining methods was introduced.The effects of key process parameters such as abrasive type(abrasive hardness),concentration,mesh size,abrasive viscosity and viscosity-temperature characteristics,extrusion pressure,media flow speed,number of cycles,workpiece material hardness,water jet pressure,impingement angles,standoff distance,standoff distance on the material removal rate(material removal)and the surface roughness(surface roughness variation)of the workpieces during the polishing process of the above three abrasive flow finishing technologies were summarized.Technical problems of machining uniformity,mechanical properties,and machining accuracy in the application of abrasive flow were analyzed.At the same time,for the technical problems mentioned,not only relevant experimental research was explored,but also a composite process combining abrasive flow machining technology and hydro-mechanical shaping technology for tubes was proposed.The AlSi10Mg tube formed by SLM(selective laser melting)were selected as the research object in the process.The process relied on the turbulent wall effect produced by soft abrasive to carry out reciprocating erosion micro-cutting,which could remove the defect layer caused by the step effect,balling effect and powder adhesion.Meanwhile,with internal pressure loaded continually,when the tube was in the hydro-mechanical shaping stage,its outer contour was completely shaped and fitted to the expected die cavity under the combined action of the clamping force generated by the mold and the normal pressure generated by the support internal pressure.After treatment of hydro-mechanical shaping,the internal porosity and cracks in the tube were repaired and healed,and the original residual tensile stress on the surface was also transformed into re

关 键 词：磨料流加工技术 工艺参数 表面粗糙度 材料去除率 力学性能 加工精度 

分 类 号：V261.25[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程] TG394[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]