高温高湿环境下地铁列车辅助变流器高故障率的设备优化方案  

Equipment Optimization Scheme for High Failure Rate Auxiliary Converter of Metro Train in High Temperature and High Humidity Environment

作　　者：黄慧建 范溢峻 苏晗翀 黄行 蒲安会 何虹丽 HUANG Huijian;FAN Yijun;SU Hanchong;HUANG Xing;PU Anhui;HE Hongli(Operation Branch of Ningbo Rail Transit Group Co.,Ltd.,315101,Ningbo,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波市轨道交通集团有限公司运营分公司,宁波315101

出　　处：《城市轨道交通研究》2024年第9期255-259,共5页Urban Mass Transit

摘　　要：[目的]地铁列车辅助供电系统运行环境的湿度过大,会导致IGBT(绝缘栅双极型晶体管)漏电流过高,进而可能引发辅助变流器故障。为此,有必要基于高温高湿环境,对辅助变流器箱内部环境进行优化,以降低IGBT的故障率。[方法]依托宁波轨道交通4号线列车辅助变流器的故障案例,调查了IGBT的故障原因,提出了4个设备优化方案,分别为降低辅助变流器冷却风机调速电压、调整内循环风机转向以降低IGBT周边湿度、提高柜体与外界密封性、优化冷却风扇控制逻辑。结合仿真及现场测试,验证了这4个优化方案的有效性和可操作性。[结果及结论]IGBT故障原因为:宁波轨道交通4号线列车辅助变流器现场运营负载小,元器件的工作温度低,IGBT内部湿气无法有效排出,且辅助变流器箱中气体交换速率较快,导致柜内湿度快速上升,进而导致IGBT模块的漏电流过高。4个优化方案可以降低辅助变流器柜内的相对湿度,提高IGBT的运行可靠性。[Objective]Over high humidity in the operating environment of metro train auxiliary power supply system will lead to high leakage current of IGBT(insulated gate bipolar transistor),which may further cause the auxiliary converter failure.Therefore,it is necessary to optimize the internal environment of the auxiliary converter box based on the high temperature and high humidity environment to reduce the failure rate of IGBT.[Method]Based on a case study of the train auxiliary converter failure on Ningbo Metro Line 4,causes of IGBT failure are investigated,and four equipment optimization schemes are proposed,including reducing the speed regulation voltage of the auxiliary converter cooling fan,adjusting the direction of internal circulation fan to reduce the humidity around IGBT,improving the sealing between cabinet and the external part,and optimizing the cooling fan control logic.Simulation and on-site tests verify that the four optimization schemes are effective and operable.[Result&Conclusion]IGBT failure causes are as follows:on Ningbo Metro Line 4,the low on-site operation load of the train auxiliary converter,the low operating temperature of the components,the undischarged moisture inside the IGBT,while the fast air exchange rate in the auxiliary converter box results in rapid increase of humidity in the cabinet,further leading to the over high leakage current of IGBT module.The four optimization schemes can reduce the relative humidity in the auxiliary converter cabinet and improve the reliability of the IGBT operation.

关 键 词：地铁列车 绝缘栅双极型晶体管 辅助变流器 漏电流 气体交换速率 

分 类 号：U270.381[机械工程—车辆工程]