枯草芽孢杆菌OLR3-9对拟石莲属多肉植物黑腐病的生防效果  

Biocontrol efficiency of Bacillus subtilis OLR3-9 on Echeveria black rot disease

作　　者：谭丹 刘爽 唐锐[1] 薛治峰 杨红敏 李丽萍[1] 王灵琳 秦世雯 TAN Dan;LIU Shuang;TANG Rui;XUE Zhifeng;YANG Hongmin;LI Liping;WANG Linglin;QIN Shiwen(College of Agriculture/Institute of Resource Plants,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南大学资源植物研究院/农学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《云南大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第5期963-971,共9页Journal of Yunnan University(Natural Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32060593);云南省教育厅科学研究基金(2023J0006);云南大学研究生科研创新项目(KC22223012,ZC-22222674).

摘　　要：由尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)引起的黑腐病是拟石莲属(Echeveria)多肉植物生产和家庭种植中的重要病害.为控制该病害,研究从长雄野生稻(Oryza longistaminata)根部分离并鉴定出一株内生枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)OLR3-9菌株.通过体外抑菌活性、温室防效和定殖情况的测定,结果表明,OLR3-9菌株对2种拟石莲属多肉植物品种‘血色罗密欧’(E.agavoides)和‘静夜’(E.derenbergii)的黑腐病具有较好的生物防治效果.该菌株对‘血色罗密欧’和‘静夜’黑腐病的病菌菌丝抑制率分别为63.45%和66.60%,菌体抑制率分别达到78.74%和76.45%,在盆栽条件下的防治效果分别为65.55%和73.13%.与该生防菌拮抗互作后,2种拟石莲属多肉植物黑腐病菌菌丝畸形,产孢量减少,并能在2种拟石莲属多肉植物的根、茎和叶部组织稳定定殖,阻止黑腐病病菌的侵入与蔓延.因此,枯草芽孢杆菌OLR3-9菌株对拟石莲属多肉植物黑腐病具有良好防效,是一株具有良好开发潜力的生防菌.Black rot,caused by Fusarium oxysporum,is a significant disease affecting the production and cultivation of Echeveria succulents.To manage this disease,we isolated and identified an endophytic Bacillus subtilis strain,OLR3-9,from the roots of wild rice(Oryza longistaminata).The strain's biocontrol efficacy was evaluated through in vitro antifungal activity,greenhouse trials,and colonization assessments.Results demonstrated that OLR3-9 effectively controls black rot in two Echeveria varieties,‘Romeo Rubin’(E.agavoides)and‘Jing Ye’(E.derenbergii),with mycelial inhibition rates of 63.45%and 66.60%,spore inhibition rates of 78.74%and 76.45%,and pot trial control effects of 65.55%and 73.13%,respectively.Interaction with OLR3-9 resulted in mycelial deformation and reduced sporulation of the pathogen,alongside stable colonization of the host plant's roots,stems,and leaves,thereby preventing pathogen invasion and spread.The Bacillus subtilis strain OLR3-9 shows strong potential as a biocontrol agent against black rot in Echeveria succulents.

关 键 词：枯草芽孢杆菌 多肉植物黑腐病 尖孢镰刀菌 拟石莲属 生物防治 

分 类 号：S436.8[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]