TBCC发动机的发展历程及关键技术分析  

Development and key technology analysis of turbine-based combined cycle engine

作　　者：林威全 许航瑞 兰旭东[1] LIN Weiquan;XU Hangrui;LAN Xudong(Aero Engine Research Center,School of Aerospace Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijingl00084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学航天航空学院,航空发动机研究中心,北京100084

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第9期1521-1535,共15页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

摘　　要：随着空天领域技术的发展和人类对高性能飞行器的不懈追求,设计开发适用于多工况的高超声速飞行器成为当前研究热点。动力装置是高超声速飞行器的关键系统,但现有动力型式各有优劣,很难直接满足多工况、大速域的飞行要求。于是,多型动力组合成为主要发展路径。其中,涡轮基组合循环发动机(TBCC)具有飞行包线宽、可重复使用、单位推力大等优点,最有希望成为二级入轨航天器、高超声速飞行器的动力装置。本文对TBCC基本原理、发展情况及典型方案进行探讨,分类总结和分析了TBCC的关键技术,并对TBCC等组合发动机的发展路线作出展望。[Significance]With the rapid advancements in aerospace engineering technology,the performance requirements for aircraft are increasingly escalating.At present,there are numerous goals for aircraft utilization in military,transportation,and other sectors.Hypersonic aircraft,which operate under multiple operating conditions and across a wide velocity range,have become a hot research topic in many countries.A critical component of such high-performance aircraft is their power system.A high-performance aircraft must have a high-performance power system to match it.Existing mature power systems have limitations in terms of working conditions and performance.Therefore,the development trend has shifted toward combined power systems.Currently,prominent combined engines include rocket-based combined cycle(RBCC),turbine-based combined cycle(TBCC),air turborocket,and precooled engines.When considering factors like cost,performance,and safety,TBCC engines emerge as the most promising power system for hypersonic aircraft within the near space range of 20-100 km because of their flight envelope width,reusable,large unit thrust,and other advantages.Therefore,summarizing the key TBCC technologies and exploring their development path is crucial.[Progress] The United States,Japan,and the United Kingdom are pioneers in combined power research.These countries have achieved significant technical achievements,possess mature technologies,and have completed the entire research and development cycle for combined engine products.They are at the forefront of this field.In the future research and development strategy,the United States focuses on system-wide research of TBCC and RBCC technologies.Following the completion of the HYPR90 program,Japan has conducted an in-depth study into the precooled engine ATREX.Meanwhile,the UK continues its extensive research on SABRE,aiming to deploy it in future single-stage spacecraft.Other countries,such as Germany,Russia,and China,are also engaged in large-scale TBCC research,accumulating a large numbe

关 键 词：航空发动机 高超声速 涡轮基组合循环发动机(TBCC) 

分 类 号：V236[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]