不同供暖收费模式对热反应的影响研究  

Study on the Influence of Different Heating Charging Modes on Thermal Response

作　　者：谢林啸 闫海燕[1,2] 李梦 鲁冬昱 程成 XIE Linxiao;YAN Haiyan;LI Meng;LU Dongyu;CHENG Cheng(College of Architecture and Art Design,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454000,Henan,China;Henan Province Engineering Laboratory for Eco-architecture and Build Environment,Jiaozuo 454000,Henan,China;School of Civil Engineering,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454000,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学建筑与艺术设计学院,河南焦作454000 [2]河南理工大学生态建筑与环境构建河南省工程实验室,河南焦作454000 [3]河南理工大学土木工程学院,河南焦作454000

出　　处：《建筑科学》2024年第8期250-260,共11页Building Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“间歇对流供冷环境动态热舒适机理与评价”(52378095);河南省科技厅重点研发与推广专项(科技攻关)“间歇对流式供冷建筑室内热环境响应特性及调控机理研究”(222102320310);河南省大学生创新创业训练计划“间歇对流供冷建筑温度递变对人体生理和心理反应的研究”(202210460066);。

摘　　要：为探究不同供暖收费模式对人体热反应的影响差异,本文对焦作地区居民住宅进行了2个供暖季的现场调查,对室内外热环境参数进行测量,同时调查了受试者的热反应状况。通过对比分析发现相同操作温度下,流量收费住户的热舒适、热可接受度较面积收费住户高。流量收费可以降低人们对高温环境的期望,提高对低温环境的接受度,更有利于节能减碳。分析发现,影响不同供暖收费模式住户主观评价的因素主要在于供暖费用及感知控制程度差异的综合作用。供暖收费模式差异对于热感觉、热舒适及热期望的影响各不相同。偏热偏冷环境下感知控制对热感觉起积极作用;热舒适度则在全操作温度段受到感知控制的正向作用;同时流量收费改善住户期望变暖情况的比例在<18℃时最为显著。以上研究结果有助于合理选择供暖收费模式,并进一步揭示收费模式差异对热反应的定量影响。In order to explore the difference in the influence of different heating charging modes on human thermal response,this paper conducted an on-site investigation of residential buildings in Jiaozuo area in two heating seasons,measured the indoor and outdoor thermal environment parameters,and studied the thermal response status of the subjects.Through comparative analysis,it is found that the thermal comfort and thermal acceptability of households under flow rate charging model are higher than that under area charging model with the same operating temperature.Flow rate charging can reduce people's expectations of high-temperature environment,improve the acceptance of low-temperature environment,more conducive to energy saving and carbon reduction.The analysis shows that the factors affecting the subjective evaluation of households with different heating charging modes mainly lie in the comprehensive effect of heating cost and perceived control degree difference.The influence of different heating charge modes on thermal sensation,thermal comfort,and thermal expectation is different.Perceived control plays an active role in thermal sensation in both hot and cold environments.Thermal comfort is positively influenced by perceived control in the whole operating temperature range.At the same time,the proportion of flow charging to improve household expected warming is the most significant when the temperature is lower than 18℃.The above results can contribute to the reasonable selection of heating charging model,and further reveal the quantitative influence of charging model difference on thermal response.

关 键 词：供暖收费模式 感知控制 热舒适 集中供暖 寒冷地区 

分 类 号：TU119.5[建筑科学—建筑理论] TU241