试点推广:风险型政策创新的扩散机制研究——以“一业一证”改革的扩散过程为例  

Pilot Program for Promotion:Research on the Diffusion Mechanism of Risk⁃based Policy Innovation——Take the Diffusion Process of“One Industry,One Certificate”Reform as an Example

作　　者：汪仲启 杨洋 WANG Zhong-qi&YANG Yang(Department of Public Administration,Shanghai Academy of Governance,Shanghai 200233,China)

机构地区：[1]上海行政学院公共管理教研部,上海200233

出　　处：《江苏行政学院学报》2024年第4期100-107,共8页The Journal of Jiangsu Administration Institute

摘　　要：在中国央地关系视角下,政策创新扩散的“试点—推广”模式有着广泛的理论共识,但实践中大量政策创新并不体现为“试点—推广”逻辑。事实上,政策创新的扩散模式不仅受到央地关系、横向竞争、创新需求等因素的影响,还与政策类型特别是创新政策的风险因子密切相关。“风险型政策”创新往往遵循“试点—推广”扩散逻辑,而“稳健型政策”创新则遵循“引导—自主”扩散逻辑。创新需求、分散风险、纵向互动和横向竞争共同构成“风险型政策”创新扩散的内在机理。“一业一证”改革作为典型的“风险型政策”创新,其扩散过程体现出明显的“试点—推广”的模式特征。From the perspective of the relationship between the central government and the local government in China,there is a broad theoretical consensus on the“pilot program for promotion”model of diffusion of policy innovation,but a large number of policy innovations in practice are not presented in the“pilot program for promotion”logic.In fact,the dif⁃fusion pattern of policy innovation is not only affected by factors such as the relationship between the central government and the local government,horizontal competition,and innovation demand,but also closely related to the type of policy,espe⁃cially the risk factors of innovation policy.“Risk⁃based policy”innovation tends to follow the diffusion logic of“pilot pro⁃gram for promotion”,while“prudent policy”innovation often follow the diffusion logic of“guidance⁃autonomy”.Innova⁃tion demand,risk diversification,vertical interaction and horizontal competition come together to constitute the internal mechanism of diffusion for“risk⁃based policy”innovations.As a typical example of“risk⁃based policy”innovation,the diffusion process of the“One Industry,One Certificate”reform reflects the obvious characteristics of the model of“pilot program for promotion”.

关 键 词：政策创新扩散 “试点—推广” “一业一证”改革 

分 类 号：D035[政治法律—政治学]