论中国因素对美国海外利益保护机制调整的影响  

On the Influence of China Factor on the Adjustments of US Overseas Interests Protection Mechanism

作　　者：唐小松 徐梦盈 Tang Xiaosong;Xu Mengying

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学国际关系学院 [2]广东财经大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《拉丁美洲研究》2024年第4期22-48,150,151,共29页Journal of Latin American Studies

基　　金：2020年国家社科基金重点项目“美国对华战略调整下的‘五眼联盟’转型与我国对策研究”(编号:20ACJ005)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：伴随着中国国家实力不断提升,自奥巴马政府以来美国海外利益保护机制加速调整,涉及军事、经济、外交等多个领域。对此,本文构建大国海外利益保护机制调整逻辑的理论框架,用以廓清中国因素在美国海外利益保护机制调整过程中发挥何种影响。本文基于理论分析框架提出,中国因素是美国加速海外利益保护机制调整的主要动因:中国崛起触发世界政治转型、引发美国政府的战略担忧,美国民众对中国的威胁认知加剧。从现实政治来看,美国海外利益保护机制将朝着强化对华遇制力度的方向深化调整。由于美国盟友和伙伴难以与其在中国议题上保持一致,加上“强硬遇华”路径不仅难以从根本上解决美国内政治极化加剧的难题,而且损害着美国参与和领导国际事务的信誉和能力,中国因素对美国海外利益保护机制的调整将形成较大程度的制约。在美国海外利益保护机制加速调整的过程中,虽然中拉关系在整体上能够保持足够的韧性和活力,但中国仍须有意识地巩固这一重要成果。With the strong rise of China,the US overseas interests protection mechanism has been adjusted at an accelerated pace since the Obama administration,involving military,economic,diplomatic and other fields.In this regard,this paper constructs a theoretical framework of the adjustment logic of the major powers'overseas interests protection mechanism,and clarifies the influence of the China factor in the adjustment process of the US overseas interests protection mechanism.Based on the theoretical analysis framework,the paper proposes that the China factor is the main motivation:the rise of China triggers the transformation of world politics,arouses the strategic concerns of the US,and intensifies the American people's perception of China's threat.In realpolitik,the US overseas interest protection mechanism will deepen its adjustments in the direction of strengthening containment efforts against China.Since it is difficult for the US allies and partners to keep in line with the US on China issues,the"offensive containment of China"path has damaged the credibility and ability of the United States to participate in or lead international affairs,nor is this path profitable for solving the problem of the US domestic political polarization.Therefore,the China factor has formed a greater degree of constraints on the profound adjustments of the US overseas interests protection mechanism,and China-Latin America relations as a whole can maintain sufficient resilience and vitality.In spite of this,China still needs to make eforts to consolidate the achievement in China-Latin America relations.

关 键 词：海外利益 美国海外利益保护机制 中国崛起 地缘政治竞争 对华威胁认知 

分 类 号：D771.2[政治法律—政治学]