中国老年居民心血管相关疾病共病现状及影响因素研究  

Current situation and influencing factors of cardiovascular related diseases multimorbidity among older residents in China

作　　者：杨韵鸥 侯悦 张梅[3] 张笑[3] 李纯[3] 赵振平[3] 黄正京[3] 王丽敏[3] Yang Yun'ou;Hou Yue;Zhang Mei;Zhang Xiao;Li Chun;Zhao Zhenping;Huang Zhengjing;Wang Limin(Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Program of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing,100050,China;Department of Basic Public Health,Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangzhou,Guangzhou 510440,Guangdong,China;Division of Chronic Disease and Risk Surveillance,National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心现场流行病学项目,北京100050 [2]广州市疾病预防控制中心基本公共卫生部,广东广州510440 [3]中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心慢性病危险因素监测室,北京100050

出　　处：《中国医学前沿杂志（电子版）》2024年第8期36-45,共10页Chinese Journal of the Frontiers of Medical Science(Electronic Version)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFC2500201);中国现场流行病学培训项目(102393220020010000027);中美疾控中心合作项目(6NU2GGH002164-05-07)。

摘　　要：目的分析我国老年居民心血管相关疾病的共病现状及影响因素,为促进公共卫生政策和资源合理分配提供科学依据。方法将2018年中国慢性病及危险因素监测调查中66510例≥60岁老年人作为研究对象。对样本进行复杂加权后,分析我国老年人心血管相关疾病患病率及共病现状;采用多因素Logistic回归探讨共病影响因素。结果我国老年居民单病种患病率前三的分别为高血压、血脂异常、糖尿病,患病率分别为58.95%、42.16%、25.29%;56.03%的老年人同时患有多种心血管相关慢性病;冠心病、肥胖、卒中、高尿酸血症患者多合并3种以上其他慢性病(合并率分别为45.23%、43.59%、41.86%、41.06%);女性高尿酸血症患者合并多种慢性病比例高于男性。多因素Logistic回归分析发现:年龄增长、城市、身体活动不足的老年人共患心血管相关慢性病的可能性更大(P<0.05),文化程度和家庭年收入对男性共患影响较大,睡眠和红肉摄入对女性影响较大。结论我国老年人心血管相关疾病共患率较高,且具有多种危险因素,需要及时开展综合干预、多病共管,以促进老年居民健康。Objective To analyze the multimorbidity and influencing factors of cardiovascular related disease among older residents in China,and providing scientific basis for promoting public health policies and rational allocation of resources.Methods 66510 older individuals aged 60 and above were selected from the National Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance in China in 2018.The prevalence rate and multicomorbidities of cardiovascular diseases in the older adults were analyzed after complex weighting of the samples.Multivariable Logistic regression was applied to identify associated factors of multimorbidity.Results The top three prevalence of cardiovascular related diseases among older residents in China were hypertension,dyslipidemia and diabetes,the prevalence were 58.95%,42.16%and 25.29%,respectively.56.03%of older residents suffered from 2 cardiovascular related disease or more.Patients with coronary heart disease,obesity,stroke,and hyperuricemia were more likely to have more than three other cardiovascular related diseases(with combined rates of 45.23%,43.59%,41.86%and 41.06%,respectively).The multimorbidity proportion of female with hyperuricemia was higher than male.Multivariable Logistic regression showed that the older adults with increasing age,urban,insufficient physical activity were more likely to suffer from more chronic diseases.Education and incomes had a greater impact on male,while sleep duration and red meat intake had a greater impact on female.Conclusions The multimorbidity prevalence of cardiovascular related diseases among older adults in China is high.Comprehensive intervention and multi-disease co-management should be carried out in time to promote the health of older residents.

关 键 词：老年人 心血管疾病 共病 影响因素 

分 类 号：R54[医药卫生—心血管疾病]