无溶剂磺酸/羧酸型水性聚氨酯的制备及性能  

Synthesis and Properties of Solvent-Free Sulfonic Acid/Carboxylic Acid-Based Waterborne Polyurethanes

作　　者：施艺菲 张智轩 陈豪伟 刘孝波 黄宇敏 SHI Yifei;ZHANG Zhixuan;CHEN Haowei;LIU Xiaobo;HUANG Yumin(School of Materials and Energy,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu 611731,China;Sichuan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Novel CN Polymeric Materials,Chengdu 611731,China;Guangdong Hongchang Chemical Co.,Ltd,Foshan 528329,China)

机构地区：[1]电子科技大学材料与能源学院,四川成都611731 [2]四川省碳氮高分子新材料工程技术研究中心,四川成都611731 [3]广东鸿昌化工有限公司,广东佛山528329

出　　处：《塑料工业》2024年第8期33-41,共9页China Plastics Industry

摘　　要：采用一步法合成了一系列磺酸/羧酸型水性聚氨酯(WPU),通过调节异氰酸根基团与羟基的物质的量比(R值)、磺酸/羧酸亲水扩链剂的用量复配比例降低预聚体黏度,实现了无溶剂型WPU的制备。本研究以聚醚、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)为主要原料,双羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)、N,N-双(2-羟乙基)-2-氨基乙磺酸钠(BES-Na)为亲水扩链剂合成一系列WPU,并研究了R值、中和度、亲水扩链剂含量(亲水扩链剂质量占预聚体总质量的百分数)及比例(磺酸型扩链剂物质的量占扩链剂总物质的量的百分数)对水性聚氨酯乳液及成膜性能的影响。结果表明,随着扩链剂总量的增大,乳液固含量降低,胶膜硬度增大,吸水率上升。磺酸/羧酸的复配使用赋予了WPU良好的性能,本研究所制备WPU的5%失重温度均高于300℃,固含量均高于38%,乳液粒径显示良好的多峰分布趋势。其中,当R=1.5,中和度100%,扩链剂总量为3.55%,BES-Na占比6%时,WPU乳液平均粒径为310.6 nm,乳液粒径呈良好的双峰分布,大/小粒子粒径之比为7.8,WPU胶膜拉伸强度3.9 MPa,断裂伸长率为631.1%,WPU胶膜硬度达到5 H,附着力等级为0级,综合性能最佳。A series of sulfonic acid/carboxylic acid-based waterborne polyurethanes(WPUs)were synthesized by a one-step method.By adjusting the n NCO/n OH(R value),the complex ratios of sulfonic acid/carboxylic acid-based hydrophilic chain extenders to reduce the prepolymer viscosity,the preparations of solvent-free WPUs were achieved.In this study,a series of WPUs were synthesized using polyether and isophorone diisocyanate(IPDI)as the main raw materials,bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid(DMPA)and N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-aminoethanesulphonic acid sodium salt(BES-Na)as the hydrophilic chain extenders.The influences of the R value,the neutrality degree,and the contents of the hydrophilic chain extenders(mass of hydrophilic chain extender in the percentage of total mass of prepolymer)and the ratios(amount of substance of sulfonic acid chain extender in the percentage of total amount of substance of chain extenders)were also investigated.The results show that the use of sulfonic acid/carboxylic acid compounding endows WPU with good performances.The 5%weight loss temperatures of WPU are all higher than 300℃,the solid contents are all higher than 38%,and the particle sizes show a good trend of multi-peak distribution.When the R value is 1.5,the neutrality degree is 100%,the total amount of chain extenders is 3.55%,the proportion of BES-Na is 6%,the average particle size of WPU emulsion is 310.6 nm,the emulsion particle size has a good bimodal distribution,the ratio of large and small particle sizes is 7.8,the tensile strength of WPU adhesive film is 3.9 MPa,the elongation at break is 631.1%,the hardness of WPU adhesive film is up to 5 H,and the adhesion grade is 0 grade,showing the best comprehensive performances.

关 键 词：水性聚氨酯 无溶剂 磺酸/羧酸复配 一步法 

分 类 号：TQ325.12[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]